ReviewTrends in microbiology2019
A Balancing Act: MDA5 in Antiviral Immunity and Autoinflammation.
Review in Trends in microbiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 192 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
192 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 322 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of RNA-seq Data Identifies Involvement of Interferon-Induced Genes to Facilitate Blood-Brain Barrier Traversal of Neuroinvasive Pathogens.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Pooled it
- Anti-MDA5+ dermatomyositis following SARS-COV-2 infections: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody positive dermatomyositis associated interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseasePooled it
- IFIH1 loss-of-function variants contribute to very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease.Human genetics · 2021Trial
- ProtectiveiScience · 2026Article
- Establishing the molecular basis for MDA5 mutation-linked autoimmunity.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Loss of cellular RNA homeostasis contributes to MDA5 activation during virus infection.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Distinct modes of RNA degradation by the structurally related coronavirus and arenavirus exoribonucleases.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I) RNA Editing by ADAR1 to Control RNA Sensing in Cardiovascular Disease.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- MDA5 generates compact ribonucleoprotein complexes via ATP-dependent double-stranded RNA unwinding.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- ADAR-GPT: Learning the language of the epitranscriptome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Autoantibody internalization in myositis skeletal muscle: Emerging evidence, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic relevance.Autoimmunity reviews · 2026Review
- Dysregulation of YTHDF2 promotes the over expression of interferon beta in anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Serum interferon-λ3 as a short-term biomarker of disease control in anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis-associated ILD.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The emerging role of oncolytic virotherapy in genitourinary malignancies.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Complement activation and M2-like macrophage accumulation in anti-MDA5 monoclonal antibody-induced hepatic injury in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Transposable elements as a possible missing link between genetic predisposition and environmental triggers of autoimmune disorders: insights from type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- A Predictive Model for Anemia and Coronary Heart Disease Based on Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Machine Learning.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- TRIM21 Exacerbates Ischemic Brain Injury by Promoting Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation via K63-Linked Ubiquitination of MDA5.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Structural and functional perspectives on DEAD-box RNA helicases in the rubber tree cold stress response.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
132 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Induction of interferons during viral infection is mediated by cellular proteins that recognise viral nucleic acids. MDA5 is one such sensor of virus presence and is activated by RNA. MDA5 is required for immunity against several classes of viruses, including picornaviruses. Recent work showed that mutations in the IFIH1 gene, encoding MDA5, lead to interferon-driven autoinflammatory diseases. Together with observations made in cancer cells, this suggests that MDA5 detects cellular RNAs in addition to viral RNAs. It is therefore important to understand the properties of the RNAs which activate MDA5. New data indicate that RNA length and secondary structure are features sensed by MDA5. We review these developments and discuss how MDA5 strikes a balance between antiviral immunity and autoinflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.