ArticleBrain sciences2018
Gender Differences and Comorbidities in U.S. Adults with Bipolar Disorder.
Article in Brain sciences, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Respiratory disease in people with bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Family History and Solar Insolation in Bipolar I Disorder.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Clinical practice guidelines for the management of bipolar disorder: 2025 update.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gender Differences in Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Initial-Treatment and Drug-Naïve Bipolar Disorder Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- Tracking complete blood count-derived indices during transition to euthymia in bipolar disorder: a longitudinal study.Biomarkers in medicine · 2025Article
- Gender Differences in Clinical and Biochemical Variables of Patients Affected by Bipolar Disorder.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic sex differences in postmortem brain samples from patients with psychiatric disorders.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
- Bipolar affective disorder in India: A multi-site population-based cross-sectional study.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- A Prospective Comparison of Bipolar I and II Subjects with and without Comorbid Cannabis Use Disorders from the COGA Dataset.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Optimizing multi-domain hematologic biomarkers and clinical features for the differential diagnosis of unipolar depression and bipolar depression.Npj mental health research · 2023Article
- Racial and gender-based disparities and trends in common psychiatric conditions in liver cirrhosis hospitalizations: A ten-year United States study.World journal of hepatology · 2023Article
- Sex-Based Differences and Risk Factors for Comorbid Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Clinical profiles of subsequent stages in bipolar disorder: Results from the Dutch Bipolar Cohort.Bipolar disorders · 2022Article
- The prevalence and clinical correlates of medical disorders comorbidities in patients with bipolar disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Observational
- Gender Differences in Complete Blood Count and Inflammatory Ratios among Patients with Bipolar Disorder.Brain sciences · 2021Article
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- Medical and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Bipolar Disorder: Insights from National Inpatient Population-based Study.Cureus · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPast studies have evaluated the association of various comorbidities with bipolar disorder. This study analyzes differences in the prevalence and association of medical and psychiatric comorbidities in bipolar patients by gender.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010⁻2014). Using International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes, we narrowed the study population to comprise those with a primary diagnosis of bipolar disorder and then obtained information about comorbidities. The differences in comorbidities by gender were quantified using chi-square tests and the logistic regression model (odds ratio (OR)).
resultsHypertension (20.5%), asthma (12.5%) and hypothyroidism (8.1%) were the top medical comorbidities found in bipolar patients. Migraine and hypothyroidism were seen three times higher in females (OR = 3.074 and OR = 3.001; respectively). Females with bipolar disorder had higher odds of comorbid inflammatory disorders like asthma (OR = 1.755), Crohn's disease (OR = 1.197) and multiple sclerosis (OR = 2.440) compared to males. Females had a two-fold higher likelihood of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (OR = 2.253) followed by personality disorders (OR = 1.692) and anxiety disorders (OR = 1.663) compared to males.
conclusionWomen with bipolar disorder have a much higher medical comorbidity burden than men and may highly benefit from an integrated team of physicians to manage their condition and improve their health-related quality of life.
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