Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30198745›Full record

ArticleJournal of athletic training2018

Demographic, Parental, and Personal Factors and Youth Athletes' Concussion-Related Knowledge and Beliefs.

Johna K Register-Mihalik, Richelle M Williams, Stephen W Marshall, Laura A Linnan, Jason P Mihalik, Kevin M Guskiewicz, Tamara C Valovich McLeod

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of athletic training, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Concussion Awareness Training Tool for Youth: Impact on Concussion Knowledge, Beliefs, and Reporting Intentions.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2025
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  11. Concussion Nondisclosure in Youth Sports.Journal of athletic training · 2022
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  12. Review
  13. Reporting of Concussion Symptoms by a Nationwide Survey of United States Parents of Middle School Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Johna K Register-MihalikMatthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Richelle M WilliamsDepartment of Research Support, A.T. Still University, Mesa.
Stephen W MarshallInjury Prevention Research Center, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Laura A LinnanHealth Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Jason P MihalikMatthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Kevin M GuskiewiczMatthew Gfeller Sport-Related Traumatic Brain Injury Research Center, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Tamara C Valovich McLeodAthletic Training Programs, A.T. Still University, Mesa.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USA.T. Still University · US

Funding

ACL HHS R49CE002479NCIPC CDC HHS R49 CE002479
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

context: Currently, significant attention is focused on improving care for patients with concussions through legislative mandates that include educational interventions. Few researchers have examined young athletes' concussion knowledge and the factors that may influence their knowledge.

objective: To use the socioecological model to examine demographic, parental, and personal factors associated with youth athletes' knowledge of concussion. Our ultimate goal is to inform the planning and implementation of youth sport concussion-related interventions.

design: Cross-sectional survey.

setting: Gymnasium and classroom. PATIENTS OR OTHER

participants: North Carolina and Arizona youth athletes (n = 225; age = 8 to 15 years) active in football, boys' or girls' soccer, boys' or girls' ice hockey, or boys' or girls' lacrosse in 2012-2013. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):: Participants completed a validated, self-administered survey. The intention and belief measures were guided by the theory of planned behavior. Perceptions of concussion and intention to seek care were examined using descriptive statistics. Athletes' concussion knowledge was modeled using linear regressions and generalized estimating equations, with child demographic and personal factors and parental knowledge and attitudes about concussion as predictors.

results: Geography, sport, parental attitudes toward concussion, and athlete age were associated with athlete knowledge in the univariable analyses ( P < .10). In the multivariable model, geographic location (North Carolina versus Arizona, mean difference [MD] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 3.2), sport (girls' soccer versus girls' lacrosse, MD = 2.2, 95% CI = 0.7, 3.6), more favorable parental attitudes toward concussion (MD = 1.2 for a 2-standard deviation shift; 95% CI = 0.3, 2.1), and older age (>12 years, MD = 1.6; 95% CI = 0.5, 2.6) were associated with better knowledge about concussion.

conclusions: Geographic location, sport, parental attitudes about concussion, and athlete's age influenced athletes' concussion-related perceptions, indicating the need to address multiple levels of the socioecological model when targeting youth sport interventions. Parental interventions that translate to an improved culture of youth sport by improving youth athletes' perceptions and experiences are key areas for future work.

Indexed as

AthletesAthletic InjuriesBrain ConcussionHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdolescentArizonaChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFootballHockeyHumansMaleNorth CarolinaParentsRacquet Sportsbrain injuryconcussion educationsocioecological modelsportstheory of planned behavior

Identifiers

PMID30198745
PMCPMC6188083
OpenAlexW2890470302

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.