ArticleNutrition & diabetes2018
Long-term metformin treatment in adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance, results of an open label extension study.
Article in Nutrition & diabetes, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Serum Concentrations and Dietary Intake of Vitamin BInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents: a real world experience.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2023Article
- Anti-obesity pharmacotherapy for treatment of pediatric type 2 diabetes: Review of the literature and lessons learned from adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Metformin therapy in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus and its comorbidities: A review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.World journal of diabetes · 2021Review
- Metformin Preserves β-Cell Compensation in Insulin Secretion and Mass Expansion in Prediabetic Nile Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Insulin Signaling Impairment in the Brain as a Risk Factor in Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesOff-label metformin is nowadays frequently used for the treatment of obesity in adolescents. However, studies on long-term metformin treatment in adolescents with obesity are scarce. Therefore, an 18 month open label extension study following an 18 months randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT) on the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of metformin in adolescents with obesity and insulin resistance was performed. SUBJECTS/
methodsAfter completion of the RCT, metformin was offered to all participants with a body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-sds) > 2.3 and Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥ 3.4. Endpoints were change in BMI and HOMA-IR.
resultsOverall, 31/42 participants completed the extension study (74% girls, median age 14.8 (11.6 - 17.9), BMI 31.2 (22.3 - 45.1), HOMA-IR 3.4 (0.2 - 8.8)). At start, 22/42 (52.4%) participants were eligible for metformin of which 13 (59.0%) agreed with treatment. In participants who continued metformin, an increase was observed in BMI (+2.2 (+0.2 to +9.0)) and HOMA-IR (+13.7 (+1.6 to +48.3)). In metformin naive participants, BMI stabilized after an initial decrease (+0.5 (-2.1 to +5.1)). For HOMA-IR, a decrease was observed (-1.1 (-4.6 to +1.4)).
conclusionWhile metformin treatment in metformin naive participants seems to result in an initial decrease in BMI and HOMA-IR, there is no evidence for sustained effect after prolonged use in adolescents. Limited compliance and/or insufficient dose may explain the differences in long-term effects between adolescents and adults.
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