ArticleToxicology reports2018
Assessment of concentration and toxicological (Cancer) risk of lead, cadmium and chromium in tobacco products commonly available in Bangladesh.
Article in Toxicology reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Groundwater compliant with drinking water standards poses a "silent risk" of cumulative health hazards.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2026Article
- Human health risk assessment of toxic metals in Nass smokeless tobacco in Iran.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessment of Essential and Potentially Toxic Elements in Water and Sediment and the Tissues ofToxics · 2024Article
- A method for cancer elemental risk assessments in hookah: An example in two common types of traditional and flavored tobaccos in Iran.MethodsX · 2023Article
- Examining of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Hookah Smokers.Biological trace element research · 2023Article
- Effects of tobacco smoke on indoor air quality: the use of mosses in biomonitoring.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2022Article
- Assessing Heavy Metal Burden Among Cigarette Smokers and Non-smoking Individuals in Iran: Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis.Biological trace element research · 2021Article
- Article
- Assessment of heavy metal pollution in the agricultural soils, plants, and in the atmospheric particulate matter of a suburban industrial region in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2021Review
- Chemical characteristics and cancer risk assessment of smokeless tobacco used in Tunisia (neffa).The Pan African medical journal · 2021Article
- Immune response in glioma's microenvironment.Innovative surgical sciences · 2020Review
- Smokeless tobacco induced biophysical and biochemical alterations in the plasma, erythrocytes, and platelets of panmasala users: Subsequent biological effects.Toxicology reports · 2020Article
- Lead (Pb) exposure induces dopaminergic neurotoxicity inToxicology reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the concentrations of heavy metal ('lead (Pb)''cadmium (Cd)', and 'chromium (Cr)') in various brands of four types of tobacco products (zarda, gul, cigarettes, and bidi) as well as calculate toxicological risk as a lifetime cancer risk for Pb, Cd, and Cr. In smokeless tobacco products, the metal concentration ranged from 0.99 to 10.02 μg/g for Pb, 1.05-3.53 μg/g for Cd, and 1.23-7.29 μg/g for Cr, respectively. Metal concentrations in the smoke-based tobacco products ranged from 0.98 to 3.07 μg/g for Pb, 0.91-3.46 μg/g for Cd, 1.08-6.75 μg/g for Cr, respectively. When assuming a 100% transfer of these metals, the calculated lifetime cancer risk was found 'unacceptable' in 33 out of 35 tobacco samples which exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) benchmark of an 'acceptable' cancer risk range of 10E-4 to 10E-6. Our study demonstrated higher levels of Pb, Cd, and Cr in various tobacco products of Bangladesh compared to GOTHIATEK standard. This study shows the need for the development of industry standards and regulation for tobacco products to reduce the levels of heavy metals.
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