Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30185665›Full record

ArticleJCI insight2018

Two-photon imaging of the mammalian retina with ultrafast pulsing laser.

Grazyna Palczewska, Patrycjusz Stremplewski, Susie Suh, Nathan Alexander, David Salom, Zhiqian Dong, Daniel Ruminski, Elliot H Choi, Avery E Sears, Timothy S Kern and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JCI insight, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025
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  13. Noninvasive two-photon optical biopsy of retinal fluorophores.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Grazyna PalczewskaPolgenix, Inc., Department of Medical Devices, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Patrycjusz StremplewskiDepartment of Physical Chemistry of Biological Systems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Susie SuhDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Nathan AlexanderDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
David SalomDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Zhiqian DongPolgenix, Inc., Department of Medical Devices, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Daniel RuminskiDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Elliot H ChoiDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Avery E SearsDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Timothy S KernDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Maciej WojtkowskiDepartment of Physical Chemistry of Biological Systems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Krzysztof PalczewskiDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Case Western Reserve University · USCleveland Medical Devices · USInstitute of Physical Chemistry · PL

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007250 · NIGMS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI HUANG, ALEX YEE-CHEN · 1985 to 2023
$33.4M
TISSUE CULTURE AND HYBRIDOMA MODULEP30EY011373 · NEI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI Irina A Pikuleva · 1997 to 2026
$17.7M
Novel therapies to inhibit Diabetic RetinopathyR24EY024864 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI KERN, TIMOTHY S · 2015 to 2019
$8.1M
Use of systems pharmacology to prevent rod and cone photoreceptor degenerationR24EY027283 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF · 2017 to 2021
$7.9M
RESOURCE/SERVICE CORE C - MOLECULAR INFORMATICS MODULEP30EY025585 · NEI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI Brian D Perkins · 2016 to 2026
$7.7M
A two-photon ophthalmoscope for human retinal imaging and functional testingU01EY025451 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF · 2015 to 2019
$3.2M
Cole Eye Institute Vision Science Training ProgramT32EY024236 · NEI · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI ANAND-APTE, BELA · 2015 to 2025
$1.0M
Acquisition of a Leica TCS SP5 Confocal Microscope For A Multi-User FacilityS10OD016164 · OD · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI CONRAD, PATRICIA A · 2013 to 2013
$597k
CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Correction of Abca4 Mutations in a Stargardt Mouse ModelF30EY029136 · NEI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI SUH, SUSIE · 2019 to 2021
$152k
NEI NIH HHS F30 EY029136NEI NIH HHS P30 EY011373NEI NIH HHS P30 EY025585NEI NIH HHS R24 EY024864NEI NIH HHS R24 EY027283NEI NIH HHS T32 EY024236NEI NIH HHS U01 EY025451NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007250NIH HHS S10 OD016164
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Noninvasive imaging of visual system components in vivo is critical for understanding the causal mechanisms of retinal diseases and for developing therapies for their treatment. However, ultraviolet light needed to excite endogenous fluorophores that participate in metabolic processes of the retina is highly attenuated by the anterior segment of the human eye. In contrast, 2-photon excitation fluorescence imaging with pulsed infrared light overcomes this obstacle. Reducing retinal exposure to laser radiation remains a major barrier in advancing this technology to studies in humans. To increase fluorescence intensity and reduce the requisite laser power, we modulated ultrashort laser pulses with high-order dispersion compensation and applied sensorless adaptive optics and custom image recovery software and observed an over 300% increase in fluorescence of endogenous retinal fluorophores when laser pulses were shortened from 75 fs to 20 fs. No functional or structural changes to the retina were detected after exposure to 2-photon excitation imaging light with 20-fs pulses. Moreover, wide bandwidth associated with short pulses enables excitation of multiple fluorophores with different absorption spectra and thus can provide information about their relative changes and intracellular distribution. These data constitute a substantial advancement for safe 2-photon fluorescence imaging of the human eye.

Indexed as

LasersPhotonsAlcohol OxidoreductasesAnimalsATP-Binding Cassette Transporterscis-trans-IsomerasesDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHumansInfrared RaysMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, KnockoutOphthalmoscopyOptical ImagingAbca4 protein, mouseAlcohol OxidoreductasesATP-Binding Cassette Transporterscis-trans-IsomerasesHSD17B6 protein, mouseRetinoid IsomerohydrolaseOphthalmologyPharmacology

Identifiers

PMID30185665
PMCPMC6171813
OpenAlexW2890111314

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.