ArticleBMC public health2018
Care avoidance among homeless people and access to care: an interview study among spiritual caregivers, street pastors, homeless outreach workers and formerly homeless people.
Article in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Patient and Provider Emergency Care Experiences Related to Intimate Partner Violence: A Systematic Review of the Existing Evidence.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2023Pooled it
- Findings from the Process Evaluation of a Mobile Health Clinic Designed to Improve Equity of Access to Primary Healthcare for People with Substance Use Disorders and/or Homelessness in One Region in the North East of England, UK.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the factors that prevent or facilitate palliative care at 'home' for adults experiencing structural vulnerability: a scoping review.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- Barriers to access and factors associated with health care utilization among the adult homeless population in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a mixed method cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Designing a trauma informed service to deliver trauma therapy with people experiencing homelessness: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Barriers and delays to healthcare at time of death: qualitative analysis of Los Angeles County death records of people experiencing homelessness.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The central role of housing key workers in supporting healthcare interactions for people experiencing homelessness and implications for palliative care: a qualitative study.BMC palliative care · 2024Article
- Exploring what works well and less well in a community-based drop-in hub providing health and wellbeing services for people experiencing homelessness: a participatory action evaluation of service coordination.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Article
- "You can't die here": an exploration of the barriers to dying-in-place for structurally vulnerable populations in an urban centre in British Columbia, Canada.BMC palliative care · 2024Article
- Integrated approach to cardiovascular disease in people experiencing homelessness: a qualitative study.Open heart · 2023Article
- Social and health vulnerability of homeless people.Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P · 2023Article
- Unmet health needs and barriers to health care among people experiencing homelessness in San Francisco's Mission District: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- A Qualitative Study Exploring Access to Mental Health and Substance Use Support among Individuals Experiencing Homelessness during COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- How important is income in explaining individuals having forgone healthcare due to cost-sharing payments? Results from a mixed methods sequential explanatory study.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Moderating Effect of Help-Seeking in the Relationship between Religiosity and Dispositional Gratitude among Polish Homeless Adults: A Brief Report.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Smartphone Technology to Empower People Experiencing Homelessness: Secondary Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Article
- End-of-life care for homeless people in shelter-based nursing care settings: A retrospective record study.Palliative medicine · 2020Article
- [Homelessness and mental illnesses].Der Nervenarzt · 2020Review
- A student-led curriculum framework for homeless and vulnerably housed populations.BMC medical education · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBecause of their poor health and social vulnerability, homeless people require specific care. However, due to care avoidance, homeless people are often not involved in care. This study aims to get insights into reasons for and kinds of care avoidance among homeless people and to provide suggestions to reach this target group.
methodsSemi-structured individual interviews were conducted among street pastors (n = 9), spiritual caregivers (n = 9), homeless outreach workers (n = 7) and formerly homeless people (n = 3). Participants were recruited by purposive sampling in the four major cities in the Netherlands (Amsterdam, Utrecht, Rotterdam, The Hague). The verbatim transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.
resultsThe term care avoidance was perceived as stigmatizing. Care avoidance is found to be related to characteristics of the homeless person (e.g. having complex problems, other priorities) as well as of the system (e.g. complex system, conditions and requirements of organizations). The person-related characteristics suggestions to involve homeless persons include tailoring care and building relationships, which might even be prioritised over starting care interventions. Setting limits on behaviour without rejecting the person, and an attitude reflecting humanity, dignity and equality were also important factors in making care more accessible and lasting. As regards system-related characteristics, the suggestions include clear information and communication to homeless people who avoid care as being crucial in order to make care more accessible. Other suggestions include quiet and less busy shelters, a non-threatening attitude and treatment by professionals, self-reflection by professionals and finally a change of policy and legislation regarding available time.
conclusionsReasons for care avoidance can be found in the interplay between both the individual and the system; measures to reduce care avoidance should be taken at both levels. These measures are centred on lowering the barriers to care inter alia by incorporating building trust and understanding into the care provided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.