ArticleGut microbes2019
Intestinal luminal putrescine is produced by collective biosynthetic pathways of the commensal microbiome.
Article in Gut microbes, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise intervention improves fertility outcomes in females and males: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Regulation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS2) Expression in Healthy and Inflamed Bowel: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiome and aging: Trajectories of microbiome age across human ecosystems and their systemic effects.iMeta · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota and their role in male reproductive health.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Decoding the microbial landscape of endometrial cancer: a case-control study.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- The interplay between Peptostreptococcus and Fusobacterium as novel signatures in colorectal cancer recurrence.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota-derived polyamine pathways associated with mean blood pressure.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Using animal models to decipher the role of polyamines in the pancreas and β Cell.Amino acids · 2026Review
- Interplay of Microbiome, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Health and Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Understanding the Mechanistic Connection between Dysbiosis and Polyamine Regulation in Oral and Intestinal Inflammation- Role of Tregs and Th17 Cells.Journal of cellular immunology · 2026Article
- Topological characteristics and longitudinal dynamics of co-abundance networks involving beneficial commensal bacteria in the pig gut microbiome and its association with average daily gain.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Moderate increase in dietary fat induces alterations of microbiota and metabolome along the digestive tract prior to systemic metabolic changes: insights from a pig model.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Microbiota-dependent metabolites - New engine for T cell warriors.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota and endometrial cancer: research progress on the pathogenesis and application.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- State of omics-based microbial diagnostics of CRC.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- UncoveringGut microbes · 2025Article
- A noncanonical polyamine from bacteria antagonizes host mitochondrial function.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Enteric microbiome and obesity: a multidimensional narrative review.Microbial genomics · 2025Review
- Article
- Intestinal metabolites in colitis-associated carcinogenesis: Building a bridge between host and microbiome.Chinese medical journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The intestinal microbiome produces various metabolites that may harm or benefit the host. However, the production pathways of these metabolites have not been well characterised. The polyamines putrescine and spermidine required for physiological process are also produced by intestinal microbiome. The production and release of these polyamines by microbiome are poorly understood, though we have confirmed that intestinal bacteria produced putrescine from arginine. In this study, we characterised polyamine synthesis by analysing the collective metabolic functions of the intestinal microbiome. In particular, we analysed polyamines and their intermediates in faecal cultures, as well as the colonic contents of rats injected with isotope-labelled arginine through a colon catheter, using mass spectrometry. Isotope-labelled putrescine was detected in faecal cultures and colonic contents of rats injected with isotope-labelled arginine. Putrescine is produced through multiple pathways, and its extracellular intermediates are exchanged between bacterial species. Additionally, we demonstrated that the collective metabolic pathway depends on a complex exchange of metabolites released into the colonic lumen. This study demonstrates the existence of putrescine biosynthetic pathways based on the collective metabolic functions of the intestinal microbial community. Our findings provide knowledge to manipulate the levels of intestinal microbial products, including polyamines, that may modulate host health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.