Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30182922›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2018

Epidemiology of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Based on Laboratory Surveillance Data-India, 2014-2017.

Manoj V Murhekar, M Ashok, K Kanagasabai, Vasna Joshua, M Ravi, R Sabarinathan, B K Kirubakaran, V Ramachandran, Vishal Shete, Nivedita Gupta and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Age-stratified prevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies in four metropolitan Indian cities and recent changes in Pune city.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Article
  3. Hepatitis A virus endemicity and vaccine policy, India.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Hepatitis A: A wake-up call!Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Manoj V MurhekarNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
M AshokNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
K KanagasabaiNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
Vasna JoshuaNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
M RaviNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
R SabarinathanNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
B K KirubakaranNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
V RamachandranNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
Vishal SheteNational Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India.
Nivedita GuptaDivision of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Sanjay M MehendaleDivision of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses (HAV and HEV) are the most common etiologies of viral hepatitis in India. To better understand the epidemiology of these infections, laboratory surveillance data generated during 2014-2017, by a network of 51 virology laboratories, were analyzed. Among 24,000 patients tested for both HAV and HEV, 3,017 (12.6%) tested positive for HAV, 3,865 (16.1%) for HEV, and 320 (1.3%) for both HAV and HEV. Most (74.6%) HAV patients were aged ≤ 19 years, whereas 76.9% of HEV patients were aged ≥ 20 years. These laboratories diagnosed 12 HAV and 31 HEV clusters, highlighting the need for provision of safe drinking water and improvements in sanitation. Further expansion of the laboratory network and continued surveillance will provide data necessary for informed decision-making regarding introduction of hepatitis-A vaccine into the immunization program.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolCoinfectionDrinking WaterEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayEpidemiological MonitoringFemaleHepatitis AHepatitis AntibodiesHepatitis A virusHepatitis EHepatitis E virusHumansDrinking WaterHepatitis AntibodiesImmunoglobulin M

Identifiers

PMID30182922
PMCPMC6159565

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.