ReviewInvestigative and clinical urology2018
Immune checkpoint inhibitors for urothelial carcinoma.
Review in Investigative and clinical urology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of first-line immunotherapy-containing regimens compared with chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- The Prevalence and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 in Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Patients Underwent Radical Nephroureterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Second-Line Systemic Treatment for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized PhaseFrontiers in oncology · 2019Pooled it
- Adjuvant Nivolumab versus Placebo in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.The New England journal of medicine · 2021Trial
- Pembrolizumab as First-line Therapy in Cisplatin-ineligible Advanced Urothelial Cancer (KEYNOTE-052): Outcomes in Older Patients by Age and Performance Status.European urology oncology · 2020Trial
- Immunohistochemical evaluation of molecular subtypes in muscle invasive bladder cancer with demographic correlation.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer: from mechanistic insights to emerging combination frontlines.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in BCG-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a narrative review of evidence and future directions.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Review
- From mechanisms to therapy: the role of tertiary lymphoid structures in bladder cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Enteritis of the ileal conduit as an adverse event related to immune checkpoint inhibitor use.IJU case reports · 2025Article
- Immune Cell Homing Hydrogels for Cancer Immunotherapy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Article
- The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of urogenital tumors: a review insights from phase 2 and 3 studies.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Perfusion drugs for non‑muscle invasive bladder cancer (Review).Oncology letters · 2024Review
- Bioinformatics analysis of ERCC family in pan-cancer and ERCC2 in bladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The prognostic significance and immune characteristics of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) family: A pan-cancer multi-omics analysis.Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2024Article
- Tumour microenvironment as a predictive factor for immunotherapy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Review
- Inhibition of FGFR3 upregulates MHC-I and PD-L1 via TLR3/NF-kB pathway in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Pan-cancer evidence of prognosis, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy efficacy for annexin family using multi-omics data.Functional & integrative genomics · 2023Article
- Bladder preservation in complicated invasive urothelial carcinoma following treatment with cisplatin/gemcitabine plus tislelizumab: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC), originating in the bladder or upper urinary tract, is the most common histological type of cancer. Currently, platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy is the standard treatment for metastatic UC (mUC) and the preferred treatment option in the perioperative (neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant) setting of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). In addition, intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy or chemotherapy is applied as the adjuvant therapeutic option in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after transurethral resection, to prevent recurrence and progression. In recent years, with an increased understanding of cancer immunobiology, systemic immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoint inhibition has been explored and clinically used in the area of UC. The programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) are important negative regulators of immune activity, preventing the destruction of normal tissues and autoimmunity. To date, five immune checkpoint inhibitors blocking PD-1 (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) or PD-L1 (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US-FDA) for first- or second-line use in mUC, based on durable therapeutic response and manageable safety profiles observed in relevant clinical trials. In addition, the clinical use of several immune checkpoint inhibitors is currently being tested for MIBC and NMIBC. In this article, we review the current and ongoing clinical trials, regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors, being conducted in various clinical settings of UC, including mUC, MIBC, and NMIBC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.