ArticlePloS one2018
Persistent sex disparities in clinical outcomes with percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from 6.6 million PCI procedures in the United States.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do Outcomes between Women and Men Differ after Endovascular Thrombectomy? A Meta-analysis.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2021Pooled it
- Narrowing sex differences in pharmacotherapy following invasive angiography for coronary artery disease between 2017 and 2024.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Sex-related differences in long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026Article
- Impact of sex differences on revascularization and long-term clinical outcomes in patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a multicentre study from China.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- How Sex and Race/Ethnicity Influence Interventional Cardiology Outcomes: What Do We Know?Journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions · 2026Review
- Sex-specific differences in the prognostic value of ischemic pre-hospital ECGs.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Sex-Stratified Long-Term Outcome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Pooled Analysis of the SORT OUT All-Comer Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Observational
- Klotho plasma levels are an independent predictorof mortality in women with acute coronary syndrome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Sex-based Differences in Complications Following Percutaneous Coronary Interventions.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Time Trends in Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Meta-Analysis on Sex Differences.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Sex-Based Differences and Outcomes in Unselected Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Bridging Care Gaps for Older Women Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Interventional cardiology clinics · 2025Review
- Post-menopause women show age dependent increased levels in GRACE, PRECISE-DAPT and NCDR mortality risk prediction scores whereas the PARIS thrombotic score is reduced.Cardiology journal · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in Patients Undergoing Left Main Stem Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Stable Angina: Data From a National Registry.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Psychosocial Risk Profiles Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease - the THORESCI-Gender Study.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2024Article
- Sex Difference in 5-year Relative Survival Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.European cardiology · 2024Article
- Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2024Review
- Trends in primary percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of acute coronary ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Latin American countries: insights from the CECI consortium.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Predictors of intraoperative intracranial aneurysm rupture in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2023Article
- Between-Sex Differences in Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease among Patients with Myocardial Infarction-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrior studies have reported inconsistencies in the baseline risk profile, comorbidity burden and their association with clinical outcomes in women compared to men. More importantly, there is limited data around the sex differences and how these have changed over time in contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) practice. METHODS AND
resultsWe used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to identify all PCI procedures based on ICD-9 procedure codes in the United States between 2004-2014 in adult patients. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sex-based differences in baseline characteristics and comorbidity burden of patients. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to investigate the association between these differences and in-hospital mortality, complications, length of stay and total hospital charges. Among 6,601,526 patients, 66% were men and 33% were women. Women were more likely to be admitted with diagnosis of NSTEMI (non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction), were on average 5 years older (median age 68 compared to 63) and had higher burden of comorbidity defined by Charlson score ≥3. Women also had higher in-hospital crude mortality (2.0% vs 1.4%) and any complications compared to men (11.1% vs 7.0%). These trends persisted in our adjusted analyses where women had a significant increase in the odds of in-hospital mortality men (OR 1.20 (95% CI 1.16,1.23) and major bleeding (OR 1.81 (95% CI 1.77,1.86).
conclusionIn this national unselected contemporary PCI cohort, there are significant sex-based differences in presentation, baseline characteristics and comorbidity burden. These differences do not fully account for the higher in-hospital mortality and procedural complications observed in women.
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