ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2018
Look and Outlook on Enzyme-Mediated Macrolide Resistance.
Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Macrolide antibiotic action, resistance, and tolerance, and approaches to improve their activity against Gram-negative bacteria.The Journal of antibiotics · 2026Review
- Translating biosynthetic gene cluster architecture into biosensor design for microbial natural product discovery.Essays in biochemistry · 2026Review
- Hydration and hydrolysis define antibiotic resistance conferred by macrolide esterases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Site-Divergent Oxidations within Venerable Macrolide Antibiotic Scaffolds Unveil Compounds with Broad Spectrum and Anti-MRSA Activities.ACS central science · 2026Article
- Antibiotic: a boon to mankind and doom to the environment - an insight on biological and non-biological degradation processes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Genes and physiological strategies in bacterial antibiotic resistance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Resistance: Enzymes, Proteins, and Computational Resources.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Bacteriophages as an alternative strategy for the treatment of drug resistant bacterial infections: Current approaches and future perspectives.Cell surface (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- The effect of WWTP products amendments on Phaseolus vulgaris rhizosphere and its ability to inactivate clarithromycin.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Small-molecule strategies to combat antibiotic resistance: mechanisms, modifications, and contemporary approaches.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Antechodynamics and Antechokinetics: Dynamics and Kinetics of Antibiotic Resistance Biomolecules.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Efficient degradation of tylosin byMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Computational investigation of natural compounds as inhibitors against macrolide-resistant protein using virtual screening, molecular docking and MD simulations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Comprehensive Genomic Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Global distribution of α/β hydrolase family macrolide esterases in Gram-positive bacteria.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Resistance: Insights fromMicroorganisms · 2024Review
- Design, Synthesis, and Activity Evaluation of C-23-Modified 5-ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Prophylactic Antibiotics in COPD: A Systematic Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The global distribution of the macrolide esterase EstX from the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily.Communications biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since their discovery in the early 1950s, macrolide antibiotics have been used in both agriculture and medicine. Specifically, macrolides such as erythromycin and azithromycin have found use as substitutes for β-lactam antibiotics in patients with penicillin allergies. Given the extensive use of this class of antibiotics it is no surprise that resistance has spread among pathogenic bacteria. In these bacteria different mechanisms of resistance have been observed. Frequently observed are alterations in the target of macrolides, i.e., the ribosome, as well as upregulation of efflux pumps. However, drug modification is also increasingly observed. Two classes of enzymes have been implicated in macrolide detoxification: macrolide phosphotransferases and macrolide esterases. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on what is known about macrolide resistance with an emphasis on the macrolide phosphotransferase and esterase enzymes. Furthermore, we explore how this information can assist in addressing resistance to macrolide antibiotics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.