ArticleEBioMedicine2018
Association of blood IgG with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and clinical course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A mass spectrometry-based assay for mouse IgG N-glycan screening in biofluids.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- IL-1 receptor antagonism reveals a yin-yang relationship between NFκB and interferon signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- An updated perspective on immunoglobulin replacement in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in the era of targeted therapies.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of different intravenous immunoglobulin preparations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Immunoglobulin replacement therapy targeting the BCR in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.EBioMedicine · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The intrinsic humoral immunodeficiency of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is often managed with immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) to maintain IgG levels in the low-normal range (6-8 g/L) but optimal targets for IgG and timing to commence IgRT are unclear. IgG levels fell near 6 g/L at rates of -0.85±0.14 g/L/year in 51 patients who required treatment for CLL within 4.5±0.4 years from initial diagnosis and - 0.27±0.04 g/L/year in 40 patients with progressive disease who remained untreated after 8.5±0.5 years. In contrast, endogenous IgG levels remained above 8 g/L in patients with highly indolent disease (n = 25) and TNFα and beta-2-microglobulin (β2M) in blood decreased when IgRT was used to increase IgG levels over 9 g/L. At 15 g/L but not 5 g/L, the IgRT product Hizentra® inhibited B cell receptor (BCR)-activation, TNFα production, and survival in vitro, particularly of CLL cells that spontaneously made little TNFα. These findings suggest deterioration of the humoral immune system is associated with progressive CLL and altering the dosing of IgRT to achieve higher than conventional IgG target levels may have therapeutic activity.
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Registered trials
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