ReviewExpert review of vaccines2018
Virus-like particle vaccines: immunology and formulation for clinical translation.
Review in Expert review of vaccines, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Controlling timing and location in vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent virus-like particle vaccine against western, eastern, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses: a phase 1, open-label, dose-escalation, randomised clinical trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Bioengineering strategies for improving the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Article
- Footprint metabolomic profile shift of Sf9 insect cell line throughout growth and rabies VLP production.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Article
- Review
- From legacy to innovation: A comprehensive review of vaccine platforms against viral infections.Virus research · 2026Review
- Lymph node-targeted DNA engages TBK1/IFN-I-driven innate immunity to induce potent T cell responses and durable memory in mice and NHPs.Science advances · 2026Article
- Downstream Purification Strategies for Virus-like Particles: A Systematic Review of Structure Preservation, Impurity Control, and Viral Safety.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Recent Advances, Bottlenecks, and Future Directions inVaccines · 2026Review
- Virus Biomimetic-Delivery Systems for the Production of Vaccines.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Innovations in HPV vaccination and their role in global cervical cancer control: a review.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2026Review
- Protein nanoparticle-based vaccine candidate produced inFrontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Purification and immunogenicity of Nipah virus-like particles from insect cells.BMC biotechnology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of cellular immune response and biosafety of SV40 virus-like particle in tumor immunotherapy.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2025Article
- Current Status and Challenges of Vaccine Development for Seasonal Human Coronaviruses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Comparative investigation into the immune efficiency of the single intradermal and intramuscular delivery of foot-and-mouth disease inactivated vaccine in swine.Virus research · 2025Article
- Productivity Improvement of Human Papillomavirus-like Particles in Insect Cells Using Hyper-Expression Baculovirus Vector.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Nanoparticle vaccine based on the pre-fusion F glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus elicits robust protective immune responses.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Review
34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionVirus-like particle (VLP) vaccines face significant challenges in their translation from laboratory models, to routine clinical administration. While some VLP vaccines thrive and are readily adopted into the vaccination schedule, others are restrained by regulatory obstacles, proprietary limitations, or finding their niche amongst the crowded vaccine market. Often the necessity to supplant an existing vaccination regimen possesses an immediate obstacle for the development of a VLP vaccine, despite any preclinical advantages identified over the competition. Novelty, adaptability and formulation compatibility may prove invaluable in helping place VLP vaccines at the forefront of vaccination technology. AREAS COVERED: The purpose of this review is to outline the diversity of VLP vaccines, VLP-specific immune responses, and to explore how modern formulation and delivery techniques can enhance the clinical relevance and overall success of VLP vaccines. EXPERT COMMENTARY: The role of formation science, with an emphasis on the diversity of immune responses induced by VLP, is underrepresented amongst clinical trials for VLP vaccines. Harnessing such diversity, particularly through the use of combinations of select excipients and adjuvants, will be paramount in the development of VLP vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.