SynthesisSchizophrenia bulletin2019
Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 148 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
148 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 265 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials of Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Early-Stage Psychotic Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Pooled it
- Allostatic load index across the psychosis spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Immune and oxidative stress biomarkers in pediatric psychosis and psychosis-risk: Meta-analyses and systematic review.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Pooled it
- COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with psychotic disorders compared to healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Questioning the role of palmitoylethanolamide in psychosis: a systematic review of clinical and preclinical evidence.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Adjunctive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for adolescents with first-episode major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Inflammation in first-episode psychosis: The contribution of inflammatory biomarkers to the emergence of negative symptoms, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2022Pooled it
- The immune phenotype of perinatal anxiety in an anxiety-focused behavioral intervention program in Pakistan.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Trial
- Investigation of the Gut Microbiome in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Compared to Healthy Controls: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study: Étude du microbiome intestinal chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie résistante au traitement par rapport aux témoins sains : étude pilote transversale.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure and Nonclinical Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical psychology : a publication of the Division of Clinical Psychology of the American Psychological Association · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammatory Mechanisms in Depression: From Biomarkers to Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Precision medicine in mental health: applications, challenges, and recommendations.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Review
- Deep Learning-Based Structural Brain Age Estimation in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia: A Single-Site Pilot Study.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- The predictive potential and relationship of peripheral non-enzymatic antioxidants with clinical symptoms in first-episode male adolescent-onset schizophrenia patients.Annals of general psychiatry · 2026Article
- Abnormal plasma oxidative stress markers in first-episode schizophrenia and associations with clinical symptoms and cognitive function.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Multimodal neuroimaging reveals brain neurochemical disturbances associated with superoxide dismutase in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- From Micro Molecular to Functional Levels Through Macro Structures: Mediation of Structural Brain Changes on the Relationship Between Oxidative Stress and Cognition in Early Onset Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2026Article
- Differential effect of cannabis use and antipsychotic medication on extracellular free-water in the brain of individuals with early psychosis and controls.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids and psychotic disorders: integrating mechanistic, genetic, and clinical evidence.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Expression of concern · 2022-09-09Error by Journal/Publisher ·
- Expression of concern
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite mixed findings, increasing evidence suggests that people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) show increased pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative status. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct a systematic literature search of cross-sectional studies comparing in vivo inflammatory and oxidative blood markers between FEP patients and healthy controls. We analyzed 61 independent samples from 59 publications, including 3002 patients with FEP (ie, patients with FEP, early psychosis, first-episode schizophrenia or early schizophrenia) and 2806 controls. After controlling for multiple comparisons, our meta-analysis showed that total antioxidant status and docosahexaenoic acid levels were significantly lower in FEP patients than in controls, whereas levels of homocysteine, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were significantly higher in FEP patients than in controls. This suggests that FEP patients had reduced antioxidant status and a pro-inflammatory imbalance, and that these biological processes may be targets for managing FEP.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.