ArticlePoultry science2019
16S ribosomal RNA sequencing reveals a modulation of intestinal microbiome and immune response by dietary L-theanine supplementation in broiler chickens.
Article in Poultry science, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protective effects of L-theanine against bisphenol A-induced oxidative stress and gut microbiota disruption in Wistar rats.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Effects of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) Extract on growth performance, intestinal function, and gut microbiota in Wenchang chicks infected with Salmonella pullorum.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Utilizing an In Vitro Fermentation Model to Assess Probiotics onAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Multisystem pathology in chronic variable stress: gut-liver-brain axis disruption and the therapeutic promise of magnesium-L-theanine.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- The Emerging Role of Citrulline and Theanine in Health and Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The addition of encapsulated Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, and Lactobacillus plantarum postbiotics, either alone or with inulin, improves slaughter weight, gut function, and microbiota in broilers.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Pharmaceutical Activities of Theanine: A Phytochemical Nutrient.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- The protective effect of L-theanine addition to a cryoprotectant on the storage viability of lactic acid bacteria.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of Heat Stress on Neuroendocrine and Organ Damage and Nutritional Measures of Prevention and Treatment in Poultry.Biology · 2024Review
- Article
- Modulation of chicken gut microbiota for enhanced productivity and health: A review.Veterinary world · 2024Review
- The Impact of Essential Amino Acids on the Gut Microbiota of Broiler Chickens.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Dietary supplementation with Lactium and L-theanine alleviates sleep disturbance in adults: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- L-Theanine and Immunity: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The butyrate-producing and spore-forming bacterial genusGut microbiome (Cambridge, England) · 2023Review
- Effect of feeding bioactive compounds identified from plant extracts (4-hexylresorcinol, 7-hydroxycoumarin, and gamma-octalactone) on the productivity and quality of broiler meat.Veterinary world · 2022Article
- Article
- Functional roles of taurine, L-theanine, L-citrulline, and betaine during heat stress in poultry.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2022Review
- L-Theanine: A Unique Functional Amino Acid in Tea (Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Effects of Dietary L-Theanine on Growth Performance, Antioxidation, Meat Quality, and Intestinal Microflora in White Feather Broilers With Acute Oxidative Stress.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the availability of abundant literature on green tea, studies on the use of L-theanine (an amino acid found only in green tea) as a feed additive in poultry especially broiler are limited. So, this study was conducted to explore the effects of L-theanine on the intestinal microbiome and immune response in a broiler. A total of 400-d-old chicks were randomly divided into four treatment groups (A, B, C, and D) using a complete randomized design. Treatments were as follows: A, control (basal diet); B, basal diet + 100 mg L-theanine/kg diet; C, basal diet + 200 mg L-theanine/kg diet; and D, basal diet + 300 mg L-theanine/kg diet. Mucosal samples from ileum and jejunum of broiler chicken were extracted at 21 and 42 d of age. Extraction of genomic DNA was followed by amplification of V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of 16S ribosomal RNA. After Illumina sequencing, results revealed that treatment with L-theanine significantly increased the population of Lactobacillus in ileum and jejunum as compared to a control group, but the higher population was observed in jejunum at both 21 and 42 d of age. The overall diversity of the jejunum microbiome in the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the ileum and control group (P < 0.05). Results of this study revealed that mRNA expression of TLRs (TLR-2 and TLR-4) and cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2) was decreased in response to treatment with L-theanine. Moreover, the negative correlation of abundance of Lactobacillus was observed with expression of IL-2 and IFN-γ in the intestine and these effects were highly significant (P < 0.01). In summary, our finding revealed that dietary supplementation of L-theanine exhibited a positive influence on intestinal bacteria by supporting beneficial microbes like Lactobacillus while decreasing harmful microbes like Clostridium.
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