ArticleAnnals of internal medicine2018
Opioid Prescribing in the United States Before and After the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2016 Opioid Guideline.
Article in Annals of internal medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 237 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
237 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cost-effective interventions to prevent prescription drug misuse: a systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Cardiovascular risk factors among nurses: A global systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain - United States, 2022.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2022Guideline
- Efficacy of interventions to reduce long term opioid treatment for chronic non-cancer pain: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Pooled it
- The clouded debate: A systematic review of comparative longitudinal studies examining the impact of recreational cannabis legalization on key public health outcomes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- CDC Guideline For Opioid Prescribing Associated With Reduced Dispensing To Certain Patients With Chronic Pain.Health affairs (Project Hope) · 2021Guideline
- Effectiveness of motivational interviewing plus cognitive behavioral therapy vs shared decision making for voluntary opioid tapering in patients with chronic pain: the INSPIRE randomized pragmatic trial.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Pharmacist Email Alerts on Concurrent Prescribing of Opioids and Benzodiazepines by Prescribers and Primary Care Managers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA health forum · 2022Trial
- A collaborative care intervention to improve opioid prescribing among providers caring for persons with HIV: Impact on satisfaction, confidence, and trust.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Trial
- Design considerations for a remote randomized multi-site clinical trial evaluating an e-health self-management program for chronic pain patients receiving opioid therapy.Contemporary clinical trials · 2021Trial
- Changes in opioid prescribing and high-risk co-prescribing after implementation of the 2016 CDC opioid guideline among older adults with and without cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Opioid Dispensing Volume and Per-Patient Intensity in Sickle Cell Disease.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Postsurgical Opioid Prescribing Among Injured Workers in Washington State: 2017-2020 Trends and Policy Effects.American journal of industrial medicine · 2026Article
- Short-Term and Long-Term Opioid Prescribing by Specialty, 2010 to 2024.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Long-Term Opioid Therapy Tapering and Risk of Substance Use Disorder and Overdose: Differences by Opioid Dose and Duration.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Primary Care Practitioners' Approaches to Deprescribing Opioids for Older Adults With Chronic Pain: A Qualitative Analysis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Impact of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on Postpartum Opioid Prescribing Practices.Health services research · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Simulation Study to Evaluate the Effect Size and Study Length Relationship in Single-Group Interrupted Time Series Analysis.Evaluation & the health professions · 2026Article
- Primary care provider attitudes regarding physical therapists addressing opioid use and opioid misuse: a qualitative study.Physical therapy · 2026Article
177 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: In response to adverse outcomes from prescription opioids, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released the Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain in March 2016. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the CDC guideline release corresponded to declines in specific opioid prescribing practices. Design: Interrupted time series analysis of monthly prescribing measures from the IQVIA transactional data warehouse and Real-World Data Longitudinal Prescriptions population-level estimates based on retail pharmacy data. Population size was determined by U.S. Census monthly estimates. Setting: United States, 2012 to 2017. Patients: Persons prescribed opioid analgesics. Measurements: Outcomes included opioid dosage, days supplied, overlapping benzodiazepine prescriptions, and the overall rate of prescribing. Results: The rate of high-dosage prescriptions (≥90 morphine equivalent milligrams per day) was 683 per 100 000 persons in January 2012 and declined by 3.56 (95% CI, -3.79 to -3.32) per month before March 2016 and by 8.00 (CI, -8.69 to -7.31) afterward. Likewise, the percentage of patients with overlapping opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions was 21.04% in January 2012 and declined by 0.02% (CI, -0.04% to -0.01%) per month before the CDC guideline release and by 0.08% (CI, -0.08% to -0.07%) per month afterward. The overall opioid prescribing rate was 6577 per 100 000 persons in January 2012 and declined by 23.48 (CI, -26.18 to -20.78) each month before the guideline release and by 56.74 (CI, -65.96 to -47.53) per month afterward. Limitation: No control population; inability to determine the appropriateness of opioid prescribing. Conclusion: Several opioid prescribing practices were decreasing before the CDC guideline, but the time of its release was associated with a greater decline. Guidelines may be effective in changing prescribing practices. Primary Funding Source: CDC.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.