Trial reportThe European respiratory journal2018
The short-term bronchodilator effects of the dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor RPL554 in COPD.
Trial report in The European respiratory journal, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of ensifentrine in COPD: dose-dependent effects, safety profile, and GRADE-based certainty of evidence.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with ensifentrine: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of ensifentrine in treatment of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseasePooled it
- Ensifentrine Added on to Dual Bronchodilator or Triple Therapy Demonstrates Clinically Meaningful Improvement in CAT Score in Symptomatic Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Trial
- A dose-ranging study of the inhaled dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor ensifentrine in COPD.Respiratory research · 2020Trial
- Symptom Improvement Following Treatment with the Inhaled Dual Phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 Inhibitor Ensifentrine in Patients with Moderate to Severe COPD - A Detailed Analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2020Trial
- A Dose-Ranging Study of the Novel Inhaled Dual PDE 3 and 4 Inhibitor Ensifentrine in Patients with COPD Receiving Maintenance Tiotropium Therapy.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseTrial
- Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Molecular Mechanisms, Current Therapeutics, and Future Perspectives.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- Phosphodiesterase signaling in asthma: mechanistic insights and emerging therapeutic strategies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current pipeline and new opportunities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Lung Function and Safety Outcomes in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe COPD Treated With Ensifentrine: A Pooled Analysis of the ENHANCE Trials.CHEST pulmonary · 2025Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Developments in Pharmacological Treatments.Drugs · 2025Review
- Phosphodiesterase Inhibition as a Therapeutic Strategy for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Where We Have Been and What Lies Ahead.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Ensifentrine: First Approval.Drugs · 2024Review
- Perspectives on Ensifentrine and Its Therapeutic Potential in the Treatment of COPD: Evidence to Date.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2024Review
- PDE4 Inhibitors and their Potential Combinations for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Narrative Review.The open respiratory medicine journal · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Targets and Precision Medicine in COPD: Inflammation, Ion Channels, Both, or Neither?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A New Treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Ensifentrine Moves Closer.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- PDE4 Inhibitors: Profiling Hits through the Multitude of Structural Classes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Contribution of adaptive immunity to human COPD and experimental models of emphysema.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the short-term bronchodilator effects of RPL554 (an inhaled dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor) combined with other bronchodilators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with reversibility (>150 mL to short-acting bronchodilators).Study 1 was a six-way, placebo-controlled crossover study (n=36) with single doses of RPL554 (6 mg), salbutamol (200 µg), ipratropium (40 µg), RPL554 (6 mg)+salbutamol (200 µg), RPL554 (6 mg)+ipratropium (40 µg) or placebo. Study 2 was a three-way crossover study (n=30) of tiotropium (18 µg) combined with RPL554 (1.5 or 6 mg) or placebo for 3 days. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.