ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
Persistence of Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Vaccine Serotypes and Increase of Nonvaccine Serotypes Among Vaccinated Infants and Their Mothers 5 Years After Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13 in The Gambia.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
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- What is driving the resurgence and persistence of vaccine-targeted pneumococcal serotypes?-Serotype 19F as the paradigm.PLoS pathogens · 2026Review
- Early-life carriage and antibiotic resistance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
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- Pneumococcal carriage and changes in serotype distribution post- PCV13 introduction in children in Matiari, Pakistan.Vaccine · 2024Article
- Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine six years post-introduction on pneumococcal carriage in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.Nature communications · 2024Article
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- Pneumococcal colonization and coinfecting respiratory viruses in children under 5 years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a prospective case-control study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Serotype epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of pneumococcal isolates colonizing infants in Botswana (2016-2019).PloS one · 2024Article
- Streptococcus pneumoniae and other bacterial nasopharyngeal colonization seven years post-introduction of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in South African children.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2023Article
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- Exploring the evidence behind the comparable impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PHiD-CV and PCV13 on overall pneumococcal disease.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Changing Trends of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in the Era of Conjugate Pneumococcal Vaccination in Olmsted County: A Population-Based Study.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2022Article
- Widespread sharing of pneumococcal strains in a rural African setting: proximate villages are more likely to share similar strains that are carried at multiple timepoints.Microbial genomics · 2022Article
- Estimating the contribution of HIV-infected adults to household pneumococcal transmission in South Africa, 2016-2018: A hidden Markov modelling study.PLoS computational biology · 2021Article
- Pneumococcal Carriage in Burkina Faso After 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Introduction: Results From 2 Cross-sectional Population-Based Surveys.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe widespread use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has brought about a dramatic decrease in pneumococci of vaccine serotypes (VTs) but nonvaccine serotypes (NVTs) have emerged.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey (CSS) among infants who received 3 doses of 13-valent PCV (PCV13) and their mothers 5 years (CSS3) after PCV13 introduction. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected and cultured for isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Whole-genome sequencing of the nontypeable strains was performed. Data were compared with those from 2 previous surveys conducted before PCV13 introduction (CSS1) and 1 year later (CSS2).
resultsAmong infants, VT carriage decreased from 33.3% (113/339) in CSS1 to 11.4% (40/351) in CSS3 (P = .001) while NVTs increased from 53.1% (180/339) in CSS1 to 74.4% (261/351) in CSS3 (P < .001). Among mothers, there was a significant decrease in VTs between CSS2 8.4% (29/347) and CSS3 5.6% (19/342) (P = .006). NVTs increased from 16.6% (55/331) in CSS1 to 32.2% (110/342) in CSS3 (P < .001). In CSS3, the most prevalent VTs were 7F in infants and 3 in mothers, and the most prevalent NVTs were serogroup 16 and nontypeables, respectively. Genomic analysis showed that VTs were more likely than NVTs to lose their ability to express the capsule.
conclusionsFive years after PCV13 introduction, we show both direct (infants) and indirect effects (mothers) of the vaccine, while NVT replacement has occurred in both groups. Ongoing circulation of VTs warrants further study of their relevance in any consideration of a reduced dose schedule.
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