ArticleWater research2018
Chemical composition, nutrient-balancing and biological treatment of hand washing greywater.
Article in Water research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimization of a Monopolar Electrode Configuration for Hybrid Electrochemical Treatment of Real Washing Machine Wastewater.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Towards low energy greywater treatment of surfactants and pathogens.Discover water · 2025Article
- Development and appraisal of handwash-wastewater treatment system for water recycling as a resilient response to COVID-19.Journal of environmental chemical engineering · 2021Article
- Disruptions in loading and aeration impact effluent chlorine demand during biological greywater recycling.Water research X · 2021Article
- Potential Pitfalls in Wastewater Phosphorus Analysis and How to Avoid Them.Environmental health insights · 2021Article
- Practical implementation of true on-site water recycling systems for hand washing and toilet flushing.Water research X · 2020Article
- A Multivariate and Spatiotemporal Analysis of Water Quality in Code River, Indonesia.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2020Article
- Comparing the anti-bacterial performance of chlorination and electrolysis post-treatments in a hand washing water recycling system.Water research X · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
On-site biological hand washing water treatment can improve global access to safe hand washing water, but requires a thorough understanding of the chemical composition of the water to be treated, and an effective treatment strategy. This study first presents a detailed characterization of the individual inputs to hand washing water. We demonstrate (i) that soap is likely the most significant input in hand washing water, representing ∼90% of mass loading, and (ii) that inputs to hand washing water have low concentrations of biologically-essential macro- and micro-nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt) with respect to carbon, which may impair biological carbon removal. This study next formulates a recipe that recreates a representative composition of hand washing water and develops a procedure to identify and supplement nutrients in which this recipe is estimated to be deficient. Batch testing of the nutrient-supplemented hand washing water with an inoculum of planktonic bacteria demonstrated improved assimilable organic carbon removal (99% vs. 86% removal) and produced lower final dissolved organic carbon concentrations (1.7 mg
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.