ReviewEpilepsia2018
Acute and long-term consequences of exposure to organophosphate nerve agents in humans.
Review in Epilepsia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- A national toxicology program systematic review of the evidence for long-term effects after acute exposure to sarin nerve agent.Critical reviews in toxicology · 2020Pooled it
- Molecular Characterization of the Progressive Landscape of Depression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Seizure and Status Epilepticus in Human Organophosphate Poisoning: A Narrative Review.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Dual targeting of iNOS and Src tyrosine kinase as a superior therapeutic strategy against soman-induced long-term neurotoxicity: multimodal biomarker, imaging, and neurobehavioral outcome analyses.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Organophosphate Poisoning: Insights From a Case Report of Acute Cholinergic Syndrome.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Mitigating organophosphate nerve agent, soman (GD), induced long-term neurotoxicity: Saracatinib, a Src Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, as a potential countermeasure.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Diet-incorporated saracatinib, a Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor, counteracts diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP)-induced chronic neurotoxicity in the rat model.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2025Article
- Neurosteroid mitigation of developmental neurological dysfunction, long-term epileptic biomarkers, chronic neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in a pediatric rat model of organophosphate exposure.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Article
- Electric field-induced modulation of VX nerve agent binding on h-BN nanotubes: a computational perspective.Journal of molecular modeling · 2025Article
- Article
- Spatiotemporal perturbations of the plasminogen activation system in a rat model of acute organophosphate intoxication.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Allopregnanolone as an Adjunct Therapy to Midazolam is More Effective Than Midazolam Alone in Suppressing Soman-Induced Status Epilepticus in Male Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Dye-sensitized upconversion nanoprobes with ultra-high signal-to-background ratio for visual and sensitive detection of nerve agent mimics.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Article
- Acute Paraoxon-Induced Neurotoxicity in a Mouse Survival Model: Oxidative Stress, Dopaminergic System Alterations and Memory Deficits.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Shifts in the spatiotemporal profile of inflammatory phenotypes of innate immune cells in the rat brain following acute intoxication with the organophosphate diisopropylfluorophosphate.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Learning and memory function preserved by delayed ANeuropharmacology · 2024Article
- Association between organophosphorus pesticides and obesity among American adults.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2024Article
- scL-2PAM: A Novel Countermeasure That Ameliorates Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Losses in Mice Exposed to an Anticholinesterase Organophosphate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Assessing the Risks of Pesticide Exposure: Implications for Endocrine Disruption and Male Fertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- A longitudinal MRI and TSPO PET-based investigation of brain region-specific neuroprotection by diazepam versus midazolam following organophosphate-induced seizures.Neuropharmacology · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nerve agents are organophosphate (OP) compounds and among the most powerful poisons known to man. A terrorist attack on civilian or military populations causing mass casualties is a real threat. The OP nerve agents include soman, sarin, cyclosarin, tabun, and VX. The major mechanism of acute toxicity is the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition results in the accumulation of excessive acetylcholine levels in synapses, leading to progression of toxic signs including hypersecretions, tremors, status epilepticus, respiratory distress, and death. Miosis and rhinorrhea are the most common clinical findings in those individuals acutely exposed to OP nerve agents. Prolonged seizures are responsible for the neuropathology. The brain region that shows the most severe damage is the amygdala, followed by the piriform cortex, hippocampus, cortex, thalamus, and caudate/putamen. Current medical countermeasures are only modestly effective in attenuating the seizures and neuropathology. Anticonvulsants such as benzodiazepines decrease seizure activity and improve outcome, but their efficacy depends upon the administration time after exposure to the nerve agent. Administration of benzodiazepines may increase the risk for seizure recurrence. Recent studies document long-term neurologic and behavior deficits, and technological advances demonstrate structural brain changes on magnetic resonance imaging.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.