ArticleNature communications2018
Nrf2 negatively regulates STING indicating a link between antiviral sensing and metabolic reprogramming.
Article in Nature communications, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 179 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
179 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 272 citations in OpenAlex.
- The DJ1-Nrf2-STING axis mediates the neuroprotective effects of Withaferin A in Parkinson's disease.Cell death and differentiation · 2021Pooled it
- PARP7 inhibition and a STING agonist potentiate radiation-induced immunogenicity in glioblastoma.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING/MITA pathway in innate antiviral immunity and beyond.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Myeloid infiltration and epidermal dysregulation characterize cutaneous photosensitivity in systemic lupus erythematosus.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- Microparticles synthesized from itaconate polyesters enable metabolite delivery and elicit immunoregulatory outcomes.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Itaconate and its derivatives in human health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- NRF2 activation attenuates obesity-induced adipose inflammation by suppressing STING signaling, with depot-specific regulation.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- 4-Octyl itaconate inhibits synovial fibroblast activation by targeting Nrf2 to exert anti-inflammatory effects in rheumatoid arthritis.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- [Mechanisms of cGAS-STING signaling pathway mediated neuroinflammation in central nervous system and their therapeutic implications].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2026Review
- The emerging Nexus of STING signaling and ferroptosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus infection induces ROS-HIF-1a axis-driven glycolytic reprogramming, which increases viral replication by impairing RIG-I-dependent type I interferon response.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- NRF2-mediated inhibition of alveolar macrophage MHC II expression during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Cell reports · 2026Article
- NRF2 controls a diverse network of antiviral effectors with p62 acting as a central restriction factor effective across virus families.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer harboring circulating NRF2 pathway mutations.The Journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Cepharanthine hydrochloride alleviates herpesvirus encephalitis by inhibiting Nrf2 degradation.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- BRD4 modulates antimicrobial defense via non-canonical NRF2 activation in macrophages to confer protection against sepsis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Human pneumovirus induces IFN-dependent expression of the immune-responsive gene 1 and is inhibited by 4-octyl itaconate in human macrophages.NAR molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Next-Generation Redox Mediators: Itaconate, Nitro-Fatty Acids, Reactive Sulfur Species and Succinate as Emerging Switches in Predictive Redox Medicine.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- NRF2 activators and the inhibitor of nuclear export, selinexor, restrict coronaviruses by targeting a network involving ACE2, TMPRSS2, and XPO1 through an NRF2-independent mechanism.Communications biology · 2026Article
- STING controls glycolysis and histone lactylation to drive macrophage metabolic reprogramming in postoperative ileus.Communications biology · 2026Article
119 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
34 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2 is a critical regulator of inflammatory responses. If and how Nrf2 also affects cytosolic nucleic acid sensing is currently unknown. Here we identify Nrf2 as an important negative regulator of STING and suggest a link between metabolic reprogramming and antiviral cytosolic DNA sensing in human cells. Here, Nrf2 activation decreases STING expression and responsiveness to STING agonists while increasing susceptibility to infection with DNA viruses. Mechanistically, Nrf2 regulates STING expression by decreasing STING mRNA stability. Repression of STING by Nrf2 occurs in metabolically reprogrammed cells following TLR4/7 engagement, and is inducible by a cell-permeable derivative of the TCA-cycle-derived metabolite itaconate (4-octyl-itaconate, 4-OI). Additionally, engagement of this pathway by 4-OI or the Nrf2 inducer sulforaphane is sufficient to repress STING expression and type I IFN production in cells from patients with STING-dependent interferonopathies. We propose Nrf2 inducers as a future treatment option in STING-dependent inflammatory diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.