ReviewPharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Patient Safety and
Review in Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of opioid prevalence in Australian residential aged care facilities.Australasian journal on ageing · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of hospital-acquired malnutrition and modifiable determinants of nutritional deterioration during inpatient admissions: A systematic review of the evidence.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2022Pooled it
- Practical Considerations of PRN Medicines Management: An Integrative Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Lost in Translation: Interprofessional Variability in Understanding Pro Re Nata (PRN) Prescribing in Geriatric Practice-A Prospective Observational Study.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Perspectives of Nurses and Adolescents About Pro Re Nata Treatment in Adolescent Inpatient Psychiatric Units: A Qualitative Study.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2025Article
- Prevalence and types of medication errors in pro re nata medication orders among hospitalized patients: a cross-sectional study.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2025Article
- Impact of psychotropic pro re nata prescription-monitoring programme on prescriptions for inpatients with psychiatric disorders: a retrospective observational study.BMC psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Neurostimulation as an Efficacious Nonpharmacologic Analgesic following Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair.Case reports in anesthesiology · 2022Article
- Ethical Tenets of PRN Medicines Management in Healthcare Settings: A Clinical Perspective.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Improving documentation of prescriptions for as-required medications in hospital inpatients.BMJ open quality · 2021Article
- PRN Medicines Management for Older People with Long-Term Mental Health Disorders in Home Care.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2021Review
- PRN Medicines Optimization and Nurse Education.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Looking for the "Little Things": A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Medicines Monitoring for Older People Using the ADRe Resource.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- PRN Medicines Management for Psychotropic Medicines in Long-Term Care Settings: A Systematic Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Call for Role Development and Application of the Monitoring Profile in ADEs and ADRs.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
PRN is the acronym for ' SELECTION CRITERIA: we included all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and studies with comparison groups, comparing PRN prescription and administration with scheduled administration, where safety issues and adverse events were reported. The authors independently assessed titles, abstracts and full-texts of retrieved studies based on inclusion criteria and risk of bias. Results were summarised narratively. The search identified 7699 articles. Title, abstract and full-text appraisals yielded 5 articles. The included studies were RCTs with one exception, a pre-test post-test experimental design. Patient populations, interventions and outcomes varied. Studies compared patient-controlled or routine administration with PRN and one trial assessed the effect of a practice guideline on implementation of PRN administration. More analgesia was administered in the patient-controlled than the PRN arms but pain reduction was similar. However, there was little difference in administration of psychotropic medicines. No differences between patient-controlled and PRN groups were reported for adverse events. The PRN practice guideline improved PRN patient education but non-documentation of PRN administration increased. This systematic review suggests that PRN safety issues and adverse events are an under-researched area of healthcare practice. Variations in the interventions, outcomes and clinical areas make it difficult to judge the overall quality of the evidence. Well-designed RCTs are needed to identify any safety issues and adverse events associated with PRN administration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.