ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2018
The dynamics of vaginal and rectal Lactobacillus spp. flora in subsequent trimesters of pregnancy in healthy Polish women, assessed using the Sanger sequencing method.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Glycan Profile Alterations in Vaginitis and Their Role in Pathogen-Host Interactions.Polish journal of microbiology · 2025Review
- Urobiome Signatures of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Adolescent Pregnancy: A Longitudinal Study.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- The sow vaginal and gut microbiota associated with longevity and reproductive performance.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Group B streptococcus in pregnant women and neonates in Africa: a scoping review.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Review
- Alterations of the vaginal microbiome in healthy pregnant women positive for group B Streptococcus colonization during the third trimester.BMC microbiology · 2022Article
- Cervical pessary and cerclage placement for preterm birth prevention and cervicovaginal microbiome changes.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- The interplay between the gut microbiota and metabolism during the third trimester of pregnancy.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Distribution of Vaginal and Gut Microbiome in Advanced Maternal Age.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- The Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance Pattern, and Associated Factors of Bacterial Vaginosis Among Women of the Reproductive Age Group from Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Ethiopia.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Next-Generation Sequencing as a Tool to Detect Vaginal Microbiota Disturbances during Pregnancy.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Rectal Microbiome Composition Correlates with Humoral Immunity to HIV-1 in Vaccinated Rhesus Macaques.mSphere · 2019Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLactobacilli play an important role in maintaining vaginal health and protection against bacterial infections in the genital tract. The aim of this study is to show the dynamics of changes of the vaginal and rectal Lactobacillus flora during pregnancy by using the Sanger sequencing method.
methodThe study included 31 healthy pregnant women without clinical signs of genitourinary infections. The material was taken in the three trimesters of pregnancy by vaginal and rectal swabs and grown on the MRS agar quantitatively to estimate the number of Lactobacillus spp. [CFU/ml]. Afterwards, 3 to 8 morphologically different lactobacilli colonies were taken for identification. Bacterial species identification was performed by 16 s rDNA sequence fragment analyses using the Sanger method.
resultsAmong the patients tested, the most common species colonizing the vagina in the first trimester were: L. crispatus 29%, L. gasseri 19.4% and L. rhamnosus 16.1%, in the second trimester: L. crispatus 51.6%, L. gasseri 25.8%, L. rhamnosus 19.4% and L. amylovorus 16.1%, and in the third trimester the most common Lactobacillus species were: L. crispatus 25.8%, L. gasseri 25.8% and L. johnsonii 19.4%. In rectal species, the number decreased in the second and third trimesters in comparison to the first trimester (p = 0.003). An analysis of rectal dynamics showed that in the first trimester, the most common species were: L. johnsonii 19.4%, and L. plantarum 9.7%, in the second trimester: L. crispatus 9.7% and L. mucosae 6.5%, and in the third trimester: L. casei 9.7% and L. rhamnosus 9.7%. Individual dynamics of the Lactobacillus species composition showed variability, characterized by continuous, intermittent, or periodic colonization. The patients examined were mostly colonized by three Lactobacillus species in vagina (32.3%), whereas for the rectum, one Lactobacillus species during the whole pregnancy duration was common (32.3%).
conclusionThis study showed that in the examined group of healthy, pregnant Polish women, the vaginal Lactobacillus flora, both qualitative and quantitative, was stable during the three subsequent trimesters. In contrast, the number of rectal Lactobacillus species dramatically decreased after the first trimester.
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