Trial reportBMC gastroenterology2018
The influence of various distractions prior to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a prospective randomized controlled study.
Trial report in BMC gastroenterology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Non-pharmacological Interventions for Reducing Anxiety in Endoscopy and Colonoscopy Procedures: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Therapeutic effects of Reiki on interventions for anxiety: a meta-analysis.BMC palliative care · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of music intervention on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients' pain, anxiety, and vital signs: a randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Effects of visual aid on state anxiety, fear and stress level in patients undergoing endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of medicine · 2023Trial
- The effect of music on pain and subjective experience in image-guided musculoskeletal corticosteroid injections: a randomized controlled trial.Skeletal radiology · 2020Trial
- Effect of virtual reality distraction on anxiety, pain and discomfort during unsedated gastroscopy: Randomized controlled trial.Endoscopy international open · 2026Article
- Exploring Anxiety Triggers in Non-sedated Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Prospective Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Observational
- Classifying metro drivers' cognitive distractions during manual operations using machine learning and random forest-recursive feature elimination.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Relieving Anxiety Through Virtual Reality Prior to Endoscopic Procedures.Yonsei medical journal · 2023Article
- Comparison of the Effects of Visual and Auditory Distractions on Fistula Cannulation Pain among Older Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough many patients still have anxiety about upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, there have been few reports on the influence of distractions for a person who is going to undergo upper GI endoscopy soon. This study was a prospective randomized controlled study investigating the influence of distractions, such as auditive and visual distractions using subjective and objective assessments including autonomic nervous function prior to upper GI endoscopy.
methods206 subjects who underwent upper GI endoscopy as regular health check-ups were divided randomly into 4 groups prior to upper GI endoscopy; group 1 (control group), group 2 (auditive group), group 3 (visual group), and group 4 (combination group). We measured vital signs, autonomic nervous function, profile of mood state (POMS), and the impression for upper GI endoscopy pre- and post-distraction in the 4 groups.
resultsThere was no significant difference in vital signs between 5 and 15 min after sitting in group 1, however, several vital signs in all distraction groups improved significantly after distraction (Pulse rate (P): p < 0.001 in group 4; blood pressure: p < 0.05 in group 2, 3, 4) and the rate of decrease in P and diastolic blood pressure was highest in group 4 (p < 0.001). Several scores of POMS and the impression for upper GI endoscopy post-distraction improved significantly compared to pre-distraction between distraction groups and the satisfaction for distraction was highest in group 4 (p < 0.01). Regarding autonomic nerve function, the low- frequency power/ high- frequency power ratio post-distraction was significantly lower than that pre-distraction in all distraction groups (p < 0.001).
conclusionsAlthough auditive distraction alone and visual distraction alone were effective, a combination distraction was more effective than any other distraction by subjective and objective assessments. These distractions, which were simple and safe, may play an assistive role in the stability of physical and psychological conditions prior to upper GI endoscopy.
trial registrationThis trial was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000022801 . Registered on 10 July 2016.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.