Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30157273›Full record

ArticlePloS one2018

Cytokine profiles in the aqueous humor and serum of patients with dry and treated wet age-related macular degeneration.

Jan Spindler, Souska Zandi, Isabel B Pfister, Christin Gerhardt, Justus G Garweg

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Inflammation and retinal degenerative diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2023
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Cytokine profiles of macular neovascularization in the elderly based on a classification from a pachychoroid/drusen perspective.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022
    Article
  16. Cell Death in AMD: The Rationale for Targeting Fas.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Deficiency of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) gene causes dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelium cells.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2021
    Article
  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jan SpindlerSwiss Eye Institute and Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.
Souska ZandiSwiss Eye Institute and Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.
Isabel B PfisterSwiss Eye Institute and Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-8752-8390
Christin GerhardtSwiss Eye Institute and Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.
Justus G GarwegSwiss Eye Institute and Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhofspital, Bern, Switzerland.
University of Bern · CHBerner Augenklinik am Lindenhofspital · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo identify disease-specific cytokine profile differences in the aqueous humor (AH) (other than the vascular endothelial growth factor) between patients with dry and treated wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and healthy controls.

methodsThis retrospective study drew on a case-series of patients diagnosed with dry AMD (n = 25) and treated wet AMD (n = 19), as well as on healthy controls (no systemic therapy; n = 20) undergoing phacoemulsification or vitrectomy. Samples of AH and serum were collected in parallel at the beginning of surgery. The levels of 43 cytokines were simultaneously determined using the Bio-Plex® multiplex beads system. Differences between the three groups were statistically compared using the Kruskal-Wallis H-Test after applying the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (p<0.0012).

resultsThe concentrations of three cytokines were elevated in the AH of patients with dry AMD (CXCL6; p = 0.00067) and treated wet AMD (CXCL5, CXCL6, MIG/XCXL; all p<0.001) relative to those in the healthy controls. No other differences between the three groups were identified. The AH levels of seven cytokines (16%), including CXCL6, ranged below the lower limit of quantitation of the assay. Without the correction for multiple comparisons (p<0.05), the levels of 31 of the 43 cytokines in the AH of patients with AMD would have differed significantly from those in the control. The systemic cytokine profiles (serum) were similar in all three groups.

conclusionsNo systematic differences in the AH cytokine environment were identified between patients with dry AMD and those with treated wet AMD. This finding might indicate that AMD is either the result of a persistent imbalance in the physiological tissue milieu, or that the localized process induces no significant change in the cytokine environment of the anterior ocular segment.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAqueous HumorCase-Control StudiesCytokinesFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesWet Macular DegenerationCytokines

Identifiers

PMID30157273
PMCPMC6114931
OpenAlexW2889314636

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.