ArticleClinical & experimental ophthalmology2019
Extending far and wide: the role of biopsy and staging in the management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia.
Article in Clinical & experimental ophthalmology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Topical pharmacotherapy for ocular surface squamous neoplasia: systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Artificial Intelligence in Ocular Surface Tumors: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- High-resolution optical coherence tomography for screening ocular surface tumors: Historical markers and future directions.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- How Can We Diagnose Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia With Optical Coherence Tomography?Cureus · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
importanceAlthough the most recent American Joint Committee on cancer staging guidelines for ocular surface squamous neoplasia place a heightened emphasis on biopsy and histopathologic analysis, the interpretation and clinical relevance of these staging criteria are not always clear. We address limitations of using histopathologic analysis to predict clinical outcomes and suggest less-invasive assessments.
backgroundTo investigate the impact of histopathologic depth of invasion on outcomes for tumours with the common presentation of multiple structure involvement.
designRetrospective chart review at tertiary institution. SAMPLES: Of 41 eyes with ocular surface squamous neoplasia between 2012 and 2017, 27 tumours involving multiple ocular structures clinically were included.
methodsBiopsied tumours were determined to be invasive beyond the basement membrane or non-invasive; non-biopsied tumours were clinically identified with unknown depth of invasion. Outcomes were compared using Fisher's exact or Student's t tests.
main outcome measuresProportion of tumours cured, recurred and/or persisting.
resultsTwelve tumours (44%) received primary excisional biopsy, 10 (37%) received chemotherapy without biopsy and 5 (19%) received chemotherapy and biopsy. Clinical diagnosis was correct in all biopsied cases. While there were no significant differences in outcomes between invasive vs non-invasive tumours or treatments, there was a trend toward larger basal diameter in recurrent tumours regardless of treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: When ocular surface squamous neoplasia tumours with similar clinical involvement were compared, histopathologic depth of invasion was not predictive of clinical outcomes. Future staging criteria may consider the potential of largest basal dimension for more accurate prognostication.
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