ArticleClinical oral investigations2019
Inter-and intra-observer agreement on the judgment of toluidine blue staining for screening of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vivo Imaging-Based Techniques for Early Diagnosis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- miR-185 in salivary extracellular vesicles for early diagnosis of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia: a clinical study.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Are the imaging-based techniques for early diagnosis of oral potentially malignant lesions effective?Evidence-based dentistry · 2022Article
- Oral Cancer and Precancer: A Narrative Review on the Relevance of Early Diagnosis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveToluidine blue staining (TBS) is used for screening of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer. Nevertheless, the judgment of TBS is based on the observer's personal experience and largely considered subjective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter- and intra-observer agreement on the judgment of TBS for screening of OPMDs and oral cancer. MATERIALS AND
methodsTwo hundred randomly ordered TBS images of OPMDs and oral cancer were judged twice independently by four clinicians and four graduated students majored in oral medicine, with an interval of 3 months. Inter- and intra-observer agreement was evaluated by the Cohen's kappa (κ) coefficient. The correlation between κ-value and individual experience was assessed by Spearman's correlation coefficient.
resultsFor the two sets of observation, good overall inter-observer agreement was found in the study (κ = 0.620 and 0.667). Sub-group analysis yielded good inter-observer agreement both for clinicians (κ = 0.613 and 0.611) and students (κ = 0.610 and 0.665). Pairwise inter-observer agreement was presented to be moderate to excellent between clinician and clinician (κ = 0.41~0.87, 0.43~0.81), moderate to excellent between student and student (κ = 0.43~0.71, 0.53~0.82), and poor to excellent between clinician and student (κ = 0.25~0.81, 0.35~0.87). Good to excellent intra-observer agreement (κ = 0.69~0.85) was presented for eight observers. However, no correlation was illustrated between years of experience and inter- or intra-observer agreement.
conclusionJudgment of TBS has a good overall inter-observer agreement and good to excellent intra-observer agreement, which guarantees its utilization and popularity in detecting OPMDs and oral cancer. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the inter- and intra-observer agreement of TBS judgment. The present results revealed a good inter-observer agreement and good to excellent intra-observer agreement, which provide a beneficial supplement to the knowledge of TBS technique.
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