ArticleJournal of neurotrauma2019
Exercise-Induced Changes to the Macrophage Response in the Dorsal Root Ganglia Prevent Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury.
Article in Journal of neurotrauma, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Handful of Details to Ensure the Experimental Reproducibility on the FORCED Running Wheel in Rodents: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Neurologic dance training and home exercise improve motor-cognitive dual-task function similarly, but through potentially different mechanisms, among breast cancer survivors with chemotherapy-induced neuropathy: Initial results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Trial
- Restoration of gamma-aminobutyric acid homeostasis: A novel approach to alleviating central nervous system injury-associated immunodepression syndrome.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Exercise, Demethylase FTO, Neurological Disorders, and Neuropathic Pain: Potential Molecular Mechanisms.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Vascular integrity and immune infiltration in SCI pain: Can exercise tip the balance?Experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Review
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects of Microglia-Astrocyte Interactions in Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Emerging role of macrophages in neuropathic pain.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2025Review
- A research protocol to study the critical time window for rehabilitation after incomplete spinal cord injury: early vs. late locomotor training.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice Unmasked: Revealing Sex Differences in Anxiety Using a Novel Light-Heat Conflict Test.Journal of neuroscience research · 2024Article
- Role of Exercise on Inflammation Cytokines of Neuropathic Pain in Animal Models.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Neuropathic Pain Induced by Spinal Cord Injury from the Glia Perspective and Its Treatment.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Myeloid Cell Association with Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Neuropathic Pain and Depressive-like Behaviors in LysM-eGFP Mice.The journal of pain · 2024Article
- Cypin Inhibition as a Therapeutic Approach to Treat Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Mechanical Pain.eNeuro · 2024Article
- Treadmill running on neuropathic pain: via modulation of neuroinflammation.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Voluntary wheel running prevents formation of membrane attack complexes and myelin degradation after peripheral nerve injury.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- The Role of Exercise in the Alleviation of Neuropathic Pain Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neurospine · 2023Article
- Spinal cord injury in mice amplifies anxiety: A novel light-heat conflict test exposes increased salience of anxiety over heat.Experimental neurology · 2023Article
- Attenuation of SCI-Induced Hypersensitivity by Intensive Locomotor Training and Recombinant GABAergic Cells.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Enhanced nociceptive behavior and expansion of associated primary afferents in a rabbit model of cerebral palsy.Journal of neuroscience research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces neuropathic pain that is refractory to treatment. Central and peripheral immune responses to SCI play critical roles in pain development. Although immune responses in the dorsal horn have been implicated in SCI-pain, immune mechanisms in the periphery, especially in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), where nociceptor cell bodies reside, have not been well studied. Exercise is an immunomodulator, and we showed previously that early exercise after SCI reduces pain development. However, the mechanisms of exercise-mediated pain reduction are not understood. Therefore, we examined the 1) underlying immune differences in the spinal cord and DRG between rats with and without pain and 2) immunomodulatory effects of exercise in pain reduction. Rats were subjected to a unilateral contusion at C5 and tested for pain development using von Frey and mechanical conflict-avoidance paradigms. A subgroup of rats was exercised on forced running wheels starting at 5 days post-injury for 4 weeks. We observed greater microglial activation in the C7-C8 dorsal horn of rats with SCI-induced pain compared to rats with normal sensation, and early exercise reduced this activation independently of pain behavior. Further, abnormal pain sensation strongly correlated with an increased number of DRG macrophages. Importantly, exercise-treated rats that maintain normal sensation also have a lower number of macrophages in the DRG. Our data suggest that macrophage presence in the DRG may be an important effector of pain development, and early wheel walking exercise may mediate pain prevention by modulating the injury-induced macrophage response in the DRG. Further supportive evidence demonstrated that rats that developed pain despite exercise intervention still displayed a significantly elevated number of macrophages in the DRG. Collectively, these data suggest that macrophage presence in the DRG may be an amenable cellular target for future therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.