SynthesisInternational dental journal2019
Are bristle stiffness and bristle end-shape related to adverse effects on soft tissues during toothbrushing? A systematic review.
Synthesis in International dental journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of photobiomodulation on dentin hypersensitivity: a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Trial
- Influence of Tapered-End and Round-End Bristle Designs on the Abrasive Enamel Wear Using Toothpastes With High Discrepancies in Abrasiveness.International journal of dental hygiene · 2026Article
- Subgingival Plaque Removal Efficacy and Oral Soft Tissue Safety of the Wave Electric Toothbrush: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study.Dentistry journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Prevalence and socio-behavioural determinants of periodontal disease among adolescents in the northern West bank: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- The Impact of Toothbrushing on Oral Health, Gingival Recession, and Tooth Wear-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Self-Reported Oral Hygiene Performance of Patients in Albania: A Questionnaire-Based Survey.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- Development of Tooth Brushing Recommendations Through Professional Consensus.International dental journal · 2024Article
- Article
- An In Vitro Study of the Abrasive Potential of Various Toothbrushes on the Surface of Aligner Attachments.Cureus · 2024Article
- Oral Health Knowledge, Self-Assessed Oral Health Behavior, and Oral Hygiene Practices among the Adult General Population in Croatia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Development and evaluation of the "Toothbrushing Timer with Information on Toothbrushes" application: A prospective cohort pilot study.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2023Article
- Analysis of the Deflection, Bristle Splaying, and Abrasion of a Single Tuft of a Polybutylene Terephthalate Toothbrush after Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Estonian Dental Students' Oral Health-Related Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours (KAB): National Survey-Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Effect of toothbrush bristle stiffness and toothbrushing force on the abrasive dentine wear.International journal of dental hygiene · 2021Article
- Aesthetic Management of Erosive Tooth Wear in a Young Egyptian Swimmer: A Case Report.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry · 2021Article
- The Effects of Gamification and Oral Self-Care on Oral Hygiene in Children: Systematic Search in App Stores and Evaluation of Apps.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2020Article
- Oral Health Attitudes among Preclinical and Clinical Dental Students in Germany.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Clinical management and histopathological analysis of composite type of gingival Stillman's cleft.Journal of Indian Society of PeriodontologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundToothbrushing might be associated with the development of soft tissue lesions. This systemic review aimed to examine soft tissue lesions caused by different bristle stiffnesses and bristle end-shapes in manual toothbrushes in adult individuals. MATERIALS AND
methodsScopus, EMBASE and PubMed databases were searched to find controlled trials that evaluated manual toothbrush bristle stiffness and/or end-shape in regard to soft tissue safety. The grey literature was also included in the search strategy. Two reviewers independently performed the screening, final selection and data extraction. To be included, studies had to have been performed using at least two manual toothbrushes differing in bristle stiffness and/or end-shape, and had to report any adverse effects on oral soft tissues after at least 7 days of follow-up. A meta-ethnography strategy was used for qualitative data synthesis. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was assessed to evaluate the risk of bias.
resultsThirteen studies were included from the 1,945 initially retrieved. Toothbrush bristle end-shape was investigated in six studies, bristle stiffness in two, and both features were investigated in five studies. Hard-bristle toothbrushes produced more gingival lesions than medium- and soft-bristle brushes. A slight gingival recession width increase was identified in the end-rounded group, compared with the tapered group. Only four studies presented adverse effects as the primary outcome.
conclusionSoft and extra-soft toothbrushes tend to be safer. Oral soft tissue injuries are similar for both tapered and end-rounded bristles. Further studies investigating adverse effects as a primary outcome are recommended.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.