ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2018
Muscle Synergies Obtained from Comprehensive Mapping of the Cortical Forelimb Representation Using Stimulus Triggered Averaging of EMG Activity.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuromotor modules revealed by direct electrical stimulation of the human primary motor cortex.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Oral somatosensation shapes lingual muscle maps in macaque orofacial primary motor cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- EMG-guided human-machine interaction training develops new intermuscular coordination patterns in stroke: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Next-Generation Neurotechnologies Inspired by Motor Primitive Model for Restoring Human Natural Movement.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal modulation of a common set of muscle synergies during unpredictable and predictable gait perturbations in older adults.The Journal of experimental biology · 2024Article
- Computational prediction of muscle synergy using a finite element framework for a musculoskeletal model on lower limb.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Forearm and Hand Muscles Exhibit High Coactivation and Overlapping of Cortical Motor Representations.Brain topography · 2022Article
- Muscle activation patterns and muscle synergies reflect different modes of coordination during upper extremity movement.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Mapping of multiple muscles with transcranial magnetic stimulation: absolute and relative test-retest reliability.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- Forelimb force direction and magnitude independently controlled by spinal modules in the macaque.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Plasticity of muscle synergies through fractionation and merging during development and training of human runners.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Dynamic Modulation of a Learned Motor Skill for Its Recruitment.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Neuromuscular control of voluntary movement may be simplified using muscle synergies similar to those found using non-negative matrix factorization. We recently identified synergies in electromyography (EMG) recordings associated with both voluntary movement and movement evoked by high-frequency long-duration intracortical microstimulation applied to the forelimb representation of the primary motor cortex (M1). The goal of this study was to use stimulus-triggered averaging (StTA) of EMG activity to investigate the synergy profiles and weighting coefficients associated with poststimulus facilitation, as synergies may be hard-wired into elemental cortical output modules and revealed by StTA. We applied StTA at low (LOW, ∼15 μA) and high intensities (HIGH, ∼110 μA) to 247 cortical locations of the M1 forelimb region in two male rhesus macaques while recording the EMG of 24 forelimb muscles. Our results show that 10-11 synergies accounted for 90% of the variation in poststimulus EMG facilitation peaks from the LOW-intensity StTA dataset while only 4-5 synergies were needed for the HIGH-intensity dataset. Synergies were similar across monkeys and current intensities. Most synergy profiles strongly activated only one or two muscles; all joints were represented and most, but not all, joint directions of motion were represented. Cortical maps of the synergy weighting coefficients suggest only a weak organization. StTA of M1 resulted in highly diverse muscle activations, suggestive of the limiting condition of requiring a synergy for each muscle to account for the patterns observed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.