ArticleRNA biology2019
Stable maintenance of the rudivirus SIRV3 in a carrier state in Sulfolobus islandicus despite activation of the CRISPR-Cas immune response by a second virus SMV1.
Article in RNA biology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two coinfecting archaeal viruses provide insights into virus-virus interactions.Communications biology · 2026Article
- An archaeal chronic virus escapes the immunity of prokaryotic Argonaute.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Archaeal virus entry and egress.microLife · 2024Review
- An archaeal virus-encoded anti-CRISPR protein inhibits type III-B immunity by inhibiting Cas RNP complex turnover.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Mechanical tomography of an archaeal lemon-shaped virus reveals membrane-like fluidity of the capsid and liquid nucleoprotein cargo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Article
- A filamentous archaeal virus is enveloped inside the cell and released through pyramidal portals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Structural basis for inhibition of an archaeal CRISPR-Cas type I-D large subunit by an anti-CRISPR protein.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Heavily Armed Ancestors: CRISPR Immunity and Applications in Archaea with a Comparative Analysis of CRISPR Types in Sulfolobales.Biomolecules · 2020Review
- Diversified local CRISPR-Cas immunity to viruses of Sulfolobus islandicus.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- CRISPR-Cas: more than ten years and still full of mysteries.RNA biology · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Carrier state viral infection constitutes an equilibrium state in which a limited fraction of a cellular population is infected while the remaining cells are transiently resistant to infection. This type of infection has been characterized for several bacteriophages but not, to date, for archaeal viruses. Here we demonstrate that the rudivirus SIRV3 can produce a host-dependent carrier state infection in the model crenarchaeon Sulfolobus. SIRV3 only infected a fraction of a Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A culture over several days during which host growth was unimpaired and no chromosomal DNA degradation was observed. CRISPR spacer acquisition from SIRV3 DNA was induced by coinfecting with the monocaudavirus SMV1 and it was coincident with increased transcript levels from subtype I-A adaptation and interference cas genes. However, this response did not significantly affect the carrier state infection of SIRV3 and both viruses were maintained in the culture over 12 days during which SIRV3 anti-CRISPR genes were shown to be expressed. Transcriptome and proteome analyses demonstrated that most SIRV3 genes were expressed at varying levels over time whereas SMV1 gene expression was generally low. The study yields insights into the basis for the stable infection of SIRV3 and the resistance to the different host CRISPR-Cas interference mechanisms. It also provides a rationale for the commonly observed coinfection of archaeal cells by different viruses in natural environments.
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