Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30144349›Full record

ArticleThe European journal of neuroscience2018

Implementation of deep neural networks to count dopamine neurons in substantia nigra.

Anna-Maija Penttinen, Ilmari Parkkinen, Sami Blom, Jaakko Kopra, Jaan-Olle Andressoo, Kari Pitkänen, Merja H Voutilainen, Mart Saarma, Mikko Airavaara

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The European journal of neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Anna-Maija PenttinenInstitute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Ilmari ParkkinenInstitute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-0065-3293
Sami BlomBiomedicum, Fimmic Oy, Helsinki, Finland.
Jaakko KopraDivision of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-4872-3326
Jaan-Olle AndressooInstitute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-0271-3157
Kari PitkänenBiomedicum, Fimmic Oy, Helsinki, Finland.
Merja H VoutilainenInstitute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-9832-7655
Mart SaarmaInstitute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Mikko AiravaaraInstitute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-2026-1609

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unbiased estimates of neuron numbers within substantia nigra are crucial for experimental Parkinson's disease models and gene-function studies. Unbiased stereological counting techniques with optical fractionation are successfully implemented, but are extremely laborious and time-consuming. The development of neural networks and deep learning has opened a new way to teach computers to count neurons. Implementation of a programming paradigm enables a computer to learn from the data and development of an automated cell counting method. The advantages of computerized counting are reproducibility, elimination of human error and fast high-capacity analysis. We implemented whole-slide digital imaging and deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) to count substantia nigra dopamine neurons. We compared the results of the developed method against independent manual counting by human observers and validated the CNN algorithm against previously published data in rats and mice, where tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-immunoreactive neurons were counted using unbiased stereology. The developed CNN algorithm and fully cloud-embedded Aiforia™ platform provide robust and fast analysis of dopamine neurons in rat and mouse substantia nigra.

Indexed as

Neural Networks, ComputerAnimalsDopamineDopaminergic NeuronsMaleMiceParkinsonian DisordersRats, WistarReproducibility of ResultsSubstantia NigraTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseDopamineTyrosine 3-Monooxygenaseartificial intelligencecloud-based analysisdigital imagingmidbrainstereology

Identifiers

PMID30144349
PMCPMC6585833

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.