ReviewCNS drugs2018
Cancer Risk in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Potential Impact of Disease-Modifying Drugs.
Review in CNS drugs, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer in multiple sclerosis patients following prolonged exposure to disease-modifying therapies (DMTs): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Adverse effects of immunotherapies for multiple sclerosis: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Dimethyl Fumarate Treatment in Patients With Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2021Trial
- Risk insights for clinical medication: a Mendelian randomization study of 23 drugs and lung cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Causal effects of drug exposure on gastric cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study involving 23 commonly used medications in the European population.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Controversies in neuroimmunology: Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating disordersBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2026Review
- Enhancing Safety Evaluations: A Comprehensive Framework for Evidence-Based Safety Assessment Using the Bradford Hill Criteria.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Article
- Impact of Age on Switching or Stopping Disease Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- De-escalating and discontinuing disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Risk of cancer development associated with disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised studies.Systematic reviews · 2024Article
- Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on the Course of Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Adverse Events Associated With Disease-Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis: A Multiregional Population-Based StudyNeurology · 2024Article
- Update on the diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) - revised recommendations of the Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS). Part II: Attack therapy and long-term management.Journal of neurology · 2024Review
- Cancer and mortality risks among people with multiple sclerosis: A population-based study in Isfahan, Iran.PloS one · 2024Article
- Risk of malignancy and the use of disease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis: exploring the role of DMT in a multi-center study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Unveiling Lung Adenocarcinoma: Non-bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis as the Debut Sign.Cureus · 2023Article
- Impact of aging on treatment considerations for multiple sclerosis patients.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Risk of cervical pre-cancer and cancer in women with multiple sclerosis exposed to high efficacy disease modifying therapies.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- The Prevalence of Cancer in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who were Under Treatment with Natalizumab (Tysabri): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of preventive medicine · 2023Review
- Neuron Protection by EDTA May Explain the Successful Outcomes of Toxic Metal Chelation Therapy in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biomedicines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the 1990s, the first disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) were injectable immunomodulatory (IM) drugs, including four different interferon-β preparations and glatiramer acetate. Since 2000, more than 15 immunosuppressant (IS) drugs have been used, with a more or less specific action on inflammation. These include monoclonal antibodies targeting CTL4, the integrin receptor, the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor, CD19, CD20, CD52, and the sphingosine 1 phosphate family. The association between MS and cancer has long been investigated but has led to conflicting results. No studies have reported an increased risk of cancer after long-term exposure to IM. Several reports suggest an increase in cancer risk among MS patients treated with IS such as mitoxantrone, azathioprine and cyclophosphamide. Because of their action on the immune system, and due to a lack of available long-term data, a special warning of the potential risk of cancer accompanies the use of recent IS such as cladribine, fingolimod, natalizumab or alemtuzumab. In most studies, factors such as diet, smoking, solar radiation, and hormone therapy, all of which influence cancer risk, have not been considered. For fingolimod, natalizumab, alemtuzumab, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, daclizumab and ocrelizumab, risk management plans outlined by regulatory agencies are mandatory. They allow prospective detection of some red flags, in particular those for the increased risk of cancer. We review the current evidence behind the increased risk of malignancy in MS patients receiving DMTs, and provide an overview of the DMTs that are currently in use and those in clinical trials. The known risks and benefits of these therapies will be considered.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.