SynthesisMedicine2018
Accuracy of spot sign in predicting hematoma expansion and clinical outcome: A meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spot sign as a predictor of hematoma expansion and poor functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Emergency radiology · 2026Pooled it
- Different criteria for defining "spot sign" in intracerebral hemorrhage show different abilities to predict hematoma expansion and clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Review
- A novel inflammatory score predicts hematoma expansion and 90‑day functional outcomes after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage: neuroimaging biomarkers, radiomics-based prediction models, and clinical translation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Article
- Spot Sign in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Critical Reappraisal and Future Clinical Implications.Stroke · 2025Review
- The predictive value of stereotactic surgery guided by CTA angiographic point sign for secondary hematoma expansion following surgery in patients with moderate-volume basal ganglia hematoma.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Value of the spot sign combined with the blend sign for predicting the outcome of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage who have undergone stereotactic minimally invasive surgery.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Application of deep learning and radiomics in the prediction of hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage: a fully automated hybrid approachDiagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2024Article
- Review
- CT-based radiomics models predict spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage expansion and are comparable with CT angiography spot sign.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- The clinical potential of radiomics to predict hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a narrative review.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage - the right target?Neurological research and practice · 2023Review
- Article
- Article
- The Spot Sign and Intraventricular Hemorrhage are Associated with Baseline Coagulopathy and Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2022Article
- A predictive nomogram for intracerebral hematoma expansion based on non-contrast computed tomography and clinical features.Neuroradiology · 2022Article
- Comparison of Radiomic Models Based on Different Machine Learning Methods for Predicting Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion.Clinical neuroradiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpot sign on computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been reported as a risk factor for hematoma expansion (HE) and poor outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the predictive accuracy of spot sign for HE, mortality risk, and poor outcome.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies. Studies were incorporated if they reported data on relationship between CTA spot sign and HE, mortality or poor outcome.
resultsTwenty-nine studies were pooled in this meta-analysis. The spot sign occurred in 23.4% patients with spontaneous ICH undergoing CTA scans. It showed a sensitivity of 62% (95% confidence interval [CI] 54-69), with a specificity of 88% (95% CI 85-91). Spot sign was related with increased risk of HE (odds ratios [OR] 8.49, 95% CI 7.28-9.90). In the analysis of association between spot sign and outcome, patients with spot sign had a significant higher risk of in-hospital death (OR 5.08, 95% CI 3.16-8.18) and 3-month death (OR 3.80, 95% CI 2.62-5.52). The spot sign was also a predictor of poor outcome at discharge (OR 6.40, 95% CI 3.41-12.03) and at 3 months (OR 4.44, 95% CI 2.33-8.46).
conclusionsThe overall incidence of CTA spot sign in spontaneous ICH patients is substantial. Spot sign demonstrated a good diagnostic performance in predicting HE and was closely associated with increased risk of death and poor outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.