Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30139904›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2018

Trends in gambling participation and gambling severity among Finnish men and women: cross-sectional population surveys in 2007, 2010 and 2015.

Sari Castrén, Maria Heiskanen, Anne H Salonen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prevalence of gambling behavior and risk for gambling disorder in Austria.Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2026
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  6. Sex and Age Differences and Psychosocial Determinants of Regular Gambling: Insights from a Community-Based Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025
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  9. Young women's engagement with gambling: A critical qualitative inquiry of risk conceptualisations and motivations to gamble.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2023
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  16. Moderator effect of sex in the clustering of treatment-seeking patients with gambling problems.Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sari CastrénThe Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0003-0492-9610
Maria HeiskanenProblem Gambling Clinic, Helsinki, Finland.
Anne H SalonenThe Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions Unit, Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate trends in past-year gambling participation and gambling severity among Finnish men and women from 2007 to 2015.

designCross-sectional population surveys from years 2007, 2011 and 2015.

settingData were drawn from the population register and collected using computer-assisted telephone interviews.

participantsRepresentative random samples of Finns aged 15-74 were drawn in the study in 2007 (n=5008), 2011 (n=4484) and 2015 (n=4515) with response rates of 58%, 40% and 62%, respectively. OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures were gambling versatility, type of games, gambling intensity and gambling severity. Significance (p) between time points was determined using χ

resultsGambling participation overall showed a rising trend (6.6 percentage points, 95% CI 4.9 to 8.3) from 2007 to 2015. In 2007-2011 women's gambling participation increased more (7.8 percentage points, 95% CI 5.5 to 10.4) than men's (5.4 percentage points, 95% CI 3.2 to 7.6). The most popular game types since 2007 have been lottery games, scratch cards and electronic gaming machines (EGMs). EGM gambling, on the other hand, has decreased since 2007. Online gambling has increased significantly from 2007 to 2015 in both genders. Men's at-risk gambling decreased from 2007 to 2011, while women's at-risk gambling and problem gambling increased from 2011 to 2015.

conclusionsWomen's increasing gambling participation is causing gender differences in gambling behaviour to narrow. The article concludes with a discussion of the need for gender-specific interventions aimed at preventing gambling-related harm and ultimately at protecting the most vulnerable groups.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFinlandGamblingHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung Adultepidemiologygamblinggambling problemgenderpublic health

Identifiers

PMID30139904
PMCPMC6112397

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.