ReviewInternet interventions2016
Recruiting for health, medical or psychosocial research using Facebook: Systematic review.
Review in Internet interventions, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 170 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
170 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Online Patient Recruitment in Clinical Trials: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Pooled it
- Social media recruitment for mental health research: A systematic review.Comprehensive psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Digital Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Insomnia Compared to Sleep Health Education in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Insomnia: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of sleep research · 2026Trial
- ARFID Parent Training Protocol ("ARFID-PTP"): Results of a Randomized Pilot Trial Evaluating a Brief, Parent-Training Program for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.The International journal of eating disorders · 2024Trial
- Using social media to recruit individuals for health-related research: Feasibility and lessons learned.Journal of health psychology · 2023Trial
- Comparing Social Media and In-Person Recruitment: Lessons Learned From Recruiting Substance-Using, Sexual and Gender Minority Adolescents and Young Adults for a Randomized Control Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2021Trial
- A Brief Intervention to Increase Uptake and Adherence of an Internet-Based Program for Depression and Anxiety (Enhancing Engagement With Psychosocial Interventions): Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Recruiting to a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web-Based Program for People With Type 2 Diabetes and Depression: Lessons Learned at the Intersection of e-Mental Health and Primary Care.Journal of medical Internet research · 2019Trial
- Using Facebook for Large-Scale Online Randomized Clinical Trial Recruitment: Effective Advertising Strategies.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Trial
- Participant Recruitment and Retention in Remote eHealth Intervention Trials: Methods and Lessons Learned From a Large Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Web-Based Smoking Interventions.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Trial
- TheBMJ open · 2017Trial
- When More Is Not Always Better: Linear and Nonlinear Predictors of Maternal Wellbeing During Pregnancy.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Barriers and facilitators to recruitment, engagement, and retention of underrepresented populations in dementia prevention research: a scoping review.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- Exercise addiction risk in recreational athletes: a cross-sectional study of psychological distress and food choice motivations in Jordan.Discover mental health · 2026Article
- Digital tools for recruitment and retention of participants in paediatric clinical research: a scoping review.Trials · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional study of workplace violence prevention training among emergency medical services personnel and students.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Global Mind Project data in the United States: A comparison with national statistics.International journal of population data science · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cataract and diabetic retinopathy among middle-aged population and older adults in a rural area at eastern China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Reach, Usage, Human Support Needs, and Clinical Outcomes of Digital Parent Training for Child Oppositional Defiant Disorder Before and During Wartime: Longitudinal Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2025Article
110 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recruiting participants is a challenge for many health, medical and psychosocial research projects. One tool more frequently being used to improve recruitment is the social networking website Facebook. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that have used Facebook to recruit participants of all ages, to any psychosocial, health or medical research. 110 unique studies that used Facebook as a recruitment source were included in the review. The majority of studies used a cross-sectional design (80%) and addressed a physical health or disease issue (57%). Half (49%) of the included studies reported specific details of the Facebook recruitment process. Researchers paid between $1.36 and $110 per completing participants (Mean = $17.48, SD = $23.06). Among studies that examined the representativeness of their sample, the majority concluded (86%) their Facebook-recruited samples were similarly representative of samples recruited via traditional methods. These results indicate that Facebook is an effective and cost-efficient recruitment method. Researchers should consider their target group, advertisement wording, offering incentives and no-cost methods of recruitment when considering Facebook as a recruitment source. It is hoped this review will assist researchers to make decisions regarding the use of Facebook as a recruitment tool in future research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.