ArticleEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2019
Moderate, but not heavy, tea drinking decreased the associated risk of gallstones in a Taiwanese population.
Article in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development and validation of gallstone disease risk factor identification model: a cross-sectional study in Western China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Addictive behavior and incident gallstone disease: A dose-response meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between tea drinking and gallstones, specifically to evaluate the amount and time of tea consumption by gender. SUBJECTS/
methodsA total of 14,555 eligible adults receiving health examinations were included. The participants were divided into three subgroups with tea consumption of none, <240/day and ≥240 ml/day. We defined 120 ml for each traditional Chinese teapot as a "cup," and the variable "cup-year" was obtained by multiplying the cups per day by the years of tea consumption. Based on the findings of abdominal ultrasound examination, gallstones was defined by the presence of movable or gravity-dependent intraluminal hyperechoic foci that attenuated ultrasound transmission.
resultsAmong the participants, 1040 (7.1%) had gallstones. In multivariate analysis, the inverse relationship between tea drinking habit and gallstones was significant (OR = 0.807; 95% CI = 0.685-0.951, p = 0.010). Daily consumption of 1-240 ml (OR = 0.741; 95% CI = 0.584-0.941, p = 0.014), but not ≥240 ml, was associated with reduced risk of gallstones. In addition, the 1-19 cup-year group had significantly lower associated risk of gallstones (OR = 0.677; 95% CI = 0.534-0.857, p = 0.001), while the ≥19 cup-year group did not. By gender, subjects with tea consumption of 1-19 cup-year exhibited a low associated risk of gallstones in both males (OR = 0.678; 95% CI = 0.504-0.913, p = 0.010) and females (OR = 0.671; 95% CI = 0.453-0.994, p = 0.047), while subjects with ≥19 cup-years did not.
conclusionsAppropriate tea drinking if less than 240 ml/day or 19 cup-years was associated with a decreased risk of gallstones in both genders.
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