ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
New antiretroviral agent use affects prevalence of HIV drug resistance in clinical care populations.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characteristics of Drug Resistance Mutations in a Korean HIV/AIDS Cohort, and Risk Factors for Resistance Acquisition in ART-Experienced Patients.Infection & chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in Rhode Island, USA, 2004-2021.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- National Landscape of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Deceased Organ Donors in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- HIV: how to manage low-level viraemia in people living with HIV.Drugs in context · 2022Review
- Substantial decline in heavily treated therapy-experienced persons with HIV with limited antiretroviral treatment options.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Virological Failure and Acquired Genotypic Resistance Associated With Contemporary Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Article
- Prevalence of HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Resistance in Treatment-Naïve Voluntary Counselling and Testing Clients by Population Sequencing and Illumina Next-Generation Sequencing in Taiwan.Infection and drug resistance · 2020Article
- Comparison of cumulative viraemia following treatment initiation with different antiretroviral regimens: a real-life study in Brazil.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Effectiveness of integrase strand transfer inhibitors among treatment-experienced patients in a clinical setting.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Observational
- Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Resistance in British Columbia, Canada Between 2009 and 2016: A Longitudinal Analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the prevalence of HIV drug resistance over time and identify risk factors for multiclass resistance.
designProspective clinical cohort of HIV-infected patients at the University of North Carolina.
methodsAmong antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced patients in care 2000-2016, we estimated annual prevalences of cumulative resistance, defined as at least one major mutation by drug class. Clinical data and multiple imputation were used when genotypic data were missing, and mutations were carried forward in time. We estimated resistance odds ratios comparing characteristics of patients in care in 2016.
resultsA total of 3682 patients contributed 23 169 person-years. Prevalence of at least one major resistance mutation, irrespective of viral suppression, peaked in 2005 with 49% (95% confidence interval 46, 52) and decreased to 38% (35, 40) in 2016. Resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors also peaked in 2005-2007 and decreased to 28 (26, 31), 14 (12, 16), and 27% (24, 29) in 2016, respectively. In 2016, prevalence of integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) resistance was 2% (1, 3) and triple-class resistance 10% (9, 12). Over the study period, cumulative resistance was frequent among patients with detectable viremia, but uncommon among patients initiating ART post-2007. Among 1553 patients in care in 2016, ART initiation at an older age, with an INSTI, and with higher CD4 cell counts were associated with resistance to fewer or no classes.
conclusionPrevalence of resistance to older ART classes has decreased in the last 10 years in this clinical cohort, whereas INSTI resistance has increased but remained very low. Patients with viremia continue to have a high burden of resistance even if they initiated ART recently.
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