ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2018
An Exploration of Residents' Implicit Biases Towards Depression-a Pilot Study.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Non-psychiatric physicians' learning experiences from past psychiatric training in Japan: a qualitative pilot study with intergroup contact theory approach.BMC medical education · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Implicit Stigma Toward People with Mental Illness Among Different Groups: Measurement, Extent, and Correlates.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Review
- Unconscious Bias among Health Professionals: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The Role of Bias in Clinical Decision-Making of People with Serious Mental Illness and Medical Co-morbidities: a Scoping Review.The journal of behavioral health services & research · 2023Article
- Somatic health care professionals' stigmatization of patients with mental disorder: a scoping review.BMC psychiatry · 2021Article
- Capsule Commentary on Crapanzano et al., An Exploration of Residents' Implicit Biases Towards Depression-a Pilot Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImplicit attitudes are outside of conscious awareness and are thought to affect automatic responses outside of one's deliberate control, with the potential to impact physician-patient relationships.
objectiveTo measure the nature and extent of implicit biases towards depression in internal medicine and psychiatry residents.
designDescriptive and comparative study.
participantsFifty-one residents from three internal medicine programs and 35 residents from three psychiatry programs located in two states.
interventionsParticipants were sent a link to voluntarily participate in four online implicit association tests. Residents' identities were anonymous. MAIN MEASURES: Four implicit association tests to measure the association of (1) attitude (good/bad), (2) permanence, (3) controllability, and (4) etiology with depression/physical illness. KEY
resultsInternal medicine residents demonstrated a significant association between depression and negative attitudes (t(38) = 6.01, p < .001, Cohen's d = .95), uncontrollability (t(35) = 4.80, p < .001, Cohen's d = .79), temporariness (t(37) = 2.94, p = .006, Cohen's d = .48), and a psychologic etiology (t(1) = 6.91, p < .001, Cohen's d = 1.24). Psychiatry residents only demonstrated an association between depression and a psychologic etiology (t(2) = 4.79, p < .001, Cohen's d = 4.5). When comparing the two specialties, internal medicine and psychiatry differed on two of the IATs. Internal medicine residents were more likely to associate negative attitudes with depression than psychiatry residents (t(63) = 4.66, p < .001, Cohen's d = 1.18) and to associate depression with being uncontrollable (t(57) = 3.17, p = .002, Cohen's d = .81).
conclusionsInternal medicine residents demonstrated biases in their attitudes towards depression and significantly differed in some areas from psychiatry residents. This pilot study needs to be replicated to confirm our findings and further work needs to be done to determine the effect of these attitudes on the provision of clinical care.
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