ArticleScientific reports2018
Longitudinal characterization of nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae in a South African birth cohort post 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation.
Article in Scientific reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Natural Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae Is Associated With Increased Experimental Pneumococcal Carriage but Reduced Conjugate Vaccine Efficacy in a Human Challenge Model.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Single priming and booster dose of ten-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation in children in South Africa: a single-centre, open-label, randomised trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2023Trial
- Effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on nasal pneumococcal acquisition, carriage dynamics and carriage density in infants in Dhaka, Bangladesh.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Pneumococcal population structure influences the effects of air pollution on invasive disease risk in South Africa.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Eliminate pneumococcal colonization by targeting intracellular acidification that promotes H2O2 production to enhance bacterial survival.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors of pneumococcal disease among preschool children in Bushenyi District, Uganda.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Early-life carriage and antibiotic resistance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Investigation of the essential role of capsular polysaccharide in serotype 1Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- The metabolic, microbial and immunological demands of pneumococcal colonisation.PLoS pathogens · 2025Review
- Within-host genetic diversity of pneumococcal serotype 3 during one-year prolonged carriage in a healthy adult.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Review
- PCV13-Serotype Breakthrough Pneumococcal Disease in Infants Receiving High-Valency Conjugate Vaccines: Population-Level Modeling in France.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Modelling the Epidemiological Impact of Different Adult Pneumococcal Vaccination Strategies in the United Kingdom.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Serotype epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of pneumococcal isolates colonizing infants in Botswana (2016-2019).PloS one · 2024Article
- Genomic epidemiology ofMicrobial genomics · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Resistance ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Unmasking Pneumococcal Carriage in a High Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Prevalence Population in two Community Cohorts in South Africa, 2016-2018: The PHIRST Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Monitoring changes in pneumococcal carriage is key to understanding vaccination-induced shifts in the ecology of carriage and impact on health. We longitudinally investigated pneumococcal carriage dynamics in infants. Pneumococcal isolates were obtained from nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs collected 2-weekly from 137 infants enrolled from birth through their first year of life. Pneumococci were serotyped by sequetyping, confirmed by Quellung. Pneumococci were isolated from 54% (1809/3331) of infants. Median time to first acquisition was 63 days. Serotype-specific acquisition rates ranged from 0.01 to 0.88 events/child-year and did not differ between PCV13 and non-PCV13 serotypes (0.11 events/child-year [95% CI 0.07-0.18] vs. 0.11 events/child-year [95% CI 0.06-0.18]). There was no difference in carriage duration between individual PCV13 and non-PCV13 serotypes (40.6 days [95% CI 31.9-49.4] vs. 38.6 days [95% CI 35.1-42.1]), however cumulatively the duration of carriage of non-PCV13 serotypes was greater than PCV13 serotypes (141.2 days (95% CI 126.6-155.8) vs. 30.7 days (95% CI 22.3-39.0). Frequently carried PCV13 serotypes included 19F, 9V, 19A and 6A, while non-PCV13 serotypes included 15B/15C, 21, 10A, 16F, 35B, 9N and 15A. Despite high immunization coverage in our setting, PCV13 serotypes remain in circulation in this cohort, comprising 22% of isolates. Individual PCV13 serotypes were acquired, on average, at equivalent rate to non-PCV13 serotypes, and carried for a similar duration, although the most common non-PCV13 serotypes were more frequently acquired than PCV13 serotypes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.