ArticleHormone research in paediatrics2018
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in US Pediatric Growth Hormone Treatment.
Article in Hormone research in paediatrics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Barriers to growth hormone access in pediatric patients at an academic medical center.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2026Article
- Sex and racial/ethnic disparities in children presenting for short stature evaluation: in-depth analysis at a single center.Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic inequities in the quality of paediatric care in the USA: a review of quantitative evidence.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Review
- Views on Short Stature of Female vs Male Endocrine Pediatric Patients Undergoing Provocative Growth Hormone Testing and Their Parents.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2023Article
- Endocrine Health and Health Care Disparities in the Pediatric and Sexual and Gender Minority Populations: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Inequalities in the assessment of childhood short stature.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Treatment Burden of Weekly Somatrogon vs Daily Somatropin in Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Randomized Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Disease-Specific Health Disparities: A Targeted Review Focusing on Race and Ethnicity.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Identifying and addressing disparities in the evaluation and treatment of children with growth hormone deficiency.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Investigation and Treatment of Growth Hormone Deficiency.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Economic burden of growth hormone deficiency in a US pediatric population.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2021Article
- Coupling Complete Blood Count and Steroidomics to Track Low Doses Administration of Recombinant Growth Hormone: An Anti-Doping Perspective.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
- Dilemmas of growth hormone treatment for GH deficiency and idiopathic short stature: defining, distinguishing, and deciding.Minerva pediatrica · 2020Review
- US Growth Hormone Use in the Idiopathic Short Stature Era: Trends in Insurer Payments and Patient Financial Burden.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2019Article
- Concerns and Expectations of Parents Seeking Subspecialist Care for Their Child's Short Stature.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsTo compare racial/ethnic proportions of subjects receiving growth hormone (GH) treatment to the expected proportions, and secondarily, to assess racial/ethnic differences in subject characteristics at GH treatment initiation.
methodsRace/ethnicity-based expected frequencies of height <-2.25 SD were determined by applying relative risks for short stature, calculated from a regional population of 189,280 pediatric primary care patients, to US census data, and compared to racial/ethnic proportions of US subjects enrolled in the Pfizer International Growth Study (KIGS) using the χ2 test. Characteristics of white and black subjects at GH treatment initiation were presented as medians and compared by the Wilcoxon rank sum test (significant p < 0.01).
resultsWhite subjects exceeded the expected frequency (63%) for all indications (83%) and each separately, ranging from 73% for congenital GH deficiency (GHD) to 85% for idiopathic short stature (p < 0.001). Compared to white subjects, black subjects treated for idiopathic GHD had greater height deficits relative both to the population (-2.97 vs. -2.56 SD) and to their mid-parental heights (-2.47 vs. -1.89 SD), lower stimulated GH peak levels (4.9 vs. 6.0 ng/mL), and lower birth weights (-0.86 vs. -0.48 SD). Black subjects with congenital GHD had lower stimulated GH peaks (2.1 vs. 3.2 ng/mL) and started GH treatment at younger ages (2.9 vs. 4.8 years), while those with acquired GHD had lower birth weights (-1.12 vs. -0.08 SD). Male predominance did not differ by race for any or all indications.
conclusionOverrepresentation of white children among those receiving GH treatment in the US KIGS registry reflects racial/ethnic treatment biases, not just differences in growth rates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.