ArticleOncology letters2018
Anterior gradient 2 as a supervisory marker for tumor vessel normalization induced by anti-angiogenic treatment.
Article in Oncology letters, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Detecting vascular normalization in epithelial ovarian cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Targeting angiogenesis in gastrointestinal tumors: strategies from vascular disruption to vascular normalization and promotion strategies angiogenesis strategies in GI tumor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The anterior gradient homologue 2 (AGR2) co-localises with the glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in cancer stem cells, and is critical for the survival and drug resistance of recurrent glioblastoma: in situ and in vitro analyses.Cancer cell international · 2022Article
- Thrombospondin-2 holds prognostic value and is associated with metastasis and the mismatch repair process in gastric cancer.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- The mechanistic immunosuppressive role of the tumour vasculature and potential nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Effect of Surface-Modified Gold Nanorods on the Early Stage of Embryonic Development and Angiogenesis: Insight into the Molecular Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Transient Vasodilation in Mouse 4T1 Tumors after Intragastric and Intravenous Administration of Gold Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Exploiting Current Understanding of Hypoxia Mediated Tumour Progression for Nanotherapeutic Development.Cancers · 2019Review
- Review
- Nanoparticle Delivery and Tumor Vascular Normalization: The Chicken or The Egg?Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
- Gold nanoparticles and angiogenesis: molecular mechanisms and biomedical applications.International journal of nanomedicine · 2019Review
- Dihydroartemisinin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell by Upregulating Tumor Necrosis Factor via JNK/NF-Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
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Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy provides transient tumor vascular normalization, which results in a window of opportunity for improvement of radio- or chemotherapy. Biomarkers indicating this window are required for rationalizing anti-angiogenesis. Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), the majority of which is secreted from tumor cells, is an easily detected plasma protein. In the present study, it was demonstrated that AGR2 could be applied as a biomarker for the supervision of vascular normalization during anti-angiogenic treatment with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Nude mice inoculated with SW620 human colorectal cancer cells were treated with AuNPs. Vessel density, pericyte coverage, vessel permeability, tumor hypoxia, tumor growth and AGR2 secretion were detected following treatment with AuNPs at days 0, 4, 6, 9 and 14. Tumor volume and vessel density were reduced, whereas pericyte coverage was increased, and hypoxia and vessel permeability were improved between days 6-9; however, these improvements decreased by day 14, revealing a time frame for tumor vascular normalization, namely days 4-9, during treatment with AuNPs in mice. AGR2 levels in tumor tissues and plasma were significantly low at day 9, along with vascular normalization; therefore, AGR2 can be used as a potential marker for monitoring tumor vascular normalization during anti-angiogenic treatment.
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