ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2018
The Bidirectional Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Metabolic Disease.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of inspiratory muscle training in adults with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Pooled it
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Potential Sleeping Giant of Sport Performance and Health?Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2024).World journal of otorhinolaryngology - head and neck surgery · 2026Article
- Mechanisms Linking Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- Hypoglycaemia and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Recovery in Athletes: BMI and Neck Circumference and Their Impact on Recovery Capacity and Injury Risk.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Glucose-lipid metabolic dysregulation and sleep fragmentation in obstructive sleep apnea: insights from a large-scale cross-sectional study and exploratory hypoxia-related single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Obstructive sleep apnea risk and its association with diabetic foot ulcer in patients with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Metabolic miracle or misguided shift? Tirzepatide in the era of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- A pilot study of high-intensity interval training and continuous positive airway pressure on vascular health in Thai adults with obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and type 2 diabetes.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Narrative review of metabolic syndrome and its relationships with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gonadal dysfunction and obstructive sleep apnea.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: An Update.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Advancing Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Metabolic Medicine: A Narrative Review of Insights and Innovations for the Future.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Review
- Differential expression profiles and bioinformatics analysis of microRNAs in brown adipose tissue dysfunction induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Associations of Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Insomnia with Incident Metabolic Syndrome - The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Dynamic Risk Status of OSA and Its Association with COPD Incidence and Progression to Oxygen Therapy: Insights from a US National Cohort.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Independent Association of Sleep Apnea-Specific Hypoxic Burden and Sleep Breathing Impairment Index with Thyroid Function in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Impact of Gender, Age, and Obesity on Childhood Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Sectional Study of 4,668 Children.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Association Between Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Analysis of NHANES Database and a Chinese Cohort.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder, effecting 17% of the total population and 40-70% of the obese population (1, 2). Multiple studies have identified OSA as a critical risk factor for the development of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases (3-5). Moreover, emerging evidence indicates that metabolic disorders can exacerbate OSA, creating a bidirectional relationship between OSA and metabolic physiology. In this review, we explore the relationship between glycemic control, insulin, and leptin as both contributing factors and products of OSA. We conclude that while insulin and leptin action may contribute to the development of OSA, further research is required to determine the mechanistic actions and relative contributions independent of body weight. In addition to increasing our understanding of the etiology, further research into the physiological mechanisms underlying OSA can lead to the development of improved treatment options for individuals with OSA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.