ReviewNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2019
Sex differences in psychiatric disorders: what we can learn from sex chromosome aneuploidies.
Review in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies in newborns and children show widespread sex differences in blood DNA methylation.Mutation research. Reviews in mutation researchPooled it
- Deiodinase 3 Deficiency Impairs Hippocampal and Lateral Ventricle Neurogenesis in Middle-Aged Female Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- [Neuropsychiatric manifestations of sex chromosome aberrations-Clinical and therapeutic aspects of neuropsychiatric care].Der Nervenarzt · 2026Review
- Clinical phenotype, gonadal development, and comorbidity spectrum in 43 children with triple X syndrome: a single-center retrospective descriptive case series with cytogenetic refinement in patients with and without X-monosomy-containing cell lines.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Lifetime Psychiatric Diagnoses Among NESARC-III Hispanic Participants: A Relative Importance Analysis of Sociodemographic and Social Determinants of Health.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Not just neurons: glial mechanisms driving sex-specific vulnerability to withdrawal and relapse in substance use disorder.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Clinical Utility of Prenatal cfDNA Screening for Sex Chromosome Aneuploidies: A Single Center Experience.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2026Article
- Nonlinear and sex-specific effects of V1aR deletion on juvenile social behavior.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The dual-sensitive period gut-brain crosstalk, neuroinflammation, and the biological roots of adolescent depression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Ventral pallidum GABA neuron inhibition augments context-appropriate defensive responses to learned threat cues.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
- Novel tools for comparing the architecture of psychopathology between neurogenetic disorders: An application to X- versus Y-chromosome aneuploidy effects in males.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Sociodemographically differential patterns of chronic pain progression revealed by analyzing the all of us research program data.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Brain structure in triple X syndrome: regional gray matter volume and cortical thickness in adult women with 47,XXX karyotype.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Article
- The X chromosome's influences on the human brain.Science advances · 2025Article
- Novel tools for comparing the architecture of psychopathology between neurogenetic disorders: An application to X- vs. Y-chromosome aneuploidy effects in males.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Computational Mechanisms of Approach-Avoidance Conflict Predictively Differentiate Between Affective and Substance Use Disorders.Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- A genome-first study of sex chromosome aneuploidies provides evidence of Y chromosome dosage effects on autism risk.Nature communications · 2024Article
- X- vs. Y-chromosome influences on human behavior: a deep phenotypic comparison of psychopathology in XXY and XYY syndromes.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Rural-urban differences in common mental disorders among Indonesian youth: a cross-sectional national survey.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2024Article
- Using Organoids to Model Sex Differences in the Human Brain.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Review
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The study of sexual dimorphism in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders is challenging due to the complex interplay of diverse biological, psychological, and social factors. Males are more susceptible to neurodevelopmental disorders including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit activity disorder. Conversely, after puberty, females are more prone to major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders compared to males. One major biological factor contributing to sex differences is the sex chromosomes. First, the X and Y chromosomes have unique and specific genetic effects as well as downstream gonadal effects. Second, males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, while females have two X chromosomes. Thus, sex chromosome constitution also differs between the sexes. Due to this complexity, determining genetic and downstream biological influences on sexual dimorphism in humans is challenging. Sex chromosome aneuploidies, such as Turner syndrome (X0) and Klinefelter syndrome (XXY), are common genetic conditions in humans. The study of individuals with sex chromosome aneuploidies provides a promising framework for studying sexual dimorphism in neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Here we will review and contrast four syndromes caused by variation in the number of sex chromosomes: Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, XYY syndrome, and XXX syndrome. Overall we describe an increased rate of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, along with the increased rates of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders in one or more of these conditions. In addition to contributing unique insights about sexual dimorphism in neuropsychiatric disorders, awareness of the increased risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders in sex chromosome aneuploidies can inform appropriate management of these common genetic disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.