ReviewToxins2018
The Development of Toad Toxins as Potential Therapeutic Agents.
Review in Toxins, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Severe or Critical COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy of Natural and Conventional Psychiatric Treatments: A Comparative Review of Mushroom-Derived Compounds and Medicinal Plants in the Management of Mental Disorders.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cardiac Glycoside 3β-Bufalin Suppresses Cancer Cell Proliferation by Coupling with NaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A Review of the Scale and Sustainability of the Consumption and Trade of Anuran Species in Africa.Ecology and evolution · 2026Review
- Peptides derived from exocrine secretions of venomous animals used as traditional Chinese "worm" medicines.Zoological research · 2026Review
- Unraveling autophagy-metabolism crosstalk in cancer: Molecular insights and therapeutic strategies.Theranostics · 2026Review
- Na/K-ATPase in the renal proximal tubule cell: classic & novel roles in sodium handling.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Review
- The Invasive Mechanism and Impact ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Investigating the Antimicrobial Activity of Anuran Toxins.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Mechanistic insights into traditional Chinese medicine for viral pneumonia treatment: signaling pathway perspectives.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancers of hepatobiliary system: from clinical evidence to drug discovery.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Article
- Sensational site: the sodium pump ouabain-binding site and its ligands.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2024Review
- Bee Venom: Composition and Anticancer Properties.Toxins · 2024Review
- Pharmacological Effects of Cinobufagin.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- Identification of Protein Quality Markers in Toad Venom fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Review on Genotoxic and Genoprotective Effects of Biologically Active Compounds of Animal Origin.Toxins · 2023Review
- Drugs as Chemical Weapons: Past and Perspectives.Toxics · 2023Review
- Comparative efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of Chinese patent medicines against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: An integrated study of network meta-analysis and network pharmacology approach.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Discovery and analysis of a novel antimicrobial peptide B1AW from the skin secretion ofComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toxins from toads have long been known to contain rich chemicals with great pharmaceutical potential. Recent studies have shown more than 100 such chemical components, including peptides, steroids, indole alkaloids, bufogargarizanines, organic acids, and others, in the parotoid and skins gland secretions from different species of toads. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), processed toad toxins have been used for treating various diseases for hundreds of years. Modern studies, including both experimental and clinical trials, have also revealed the molecular mechanisms that support the development of these components into medicines for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancers. More recently, there have been studies that demonstrated the therapeutic potential of toxins from other species of toads, such as Australian cane toads. Previous reviews mostly focused on the pharmaceutical effects of the whole extracts from parotoid glands or skins of toads. However, to fully understand the molecular basis of toad toxins in their use for therapy, a comprehensive understanding of the individual compound contained in toad toxins is necessary; thus, this paper seeks to review the recent studies of some typical compounds frequently identified in toad secretions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.