Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30126970›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2018

Auditory Predictive Coding across Awareness States under Anesthesia: An Intracranial Electrophysiology Study.

Kirill V Nourski, Mitchell Steinschneider, Ariane E Rhone, Hiroto Kawasaki, Matthew A Howard, Matthew I Banks

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Cortical deviance detection represents a canonical difference signal.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  10. Hierarchical substrates of prediction in visual cortical spiking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  15. Propofol-mediated loss of consciousness disrupts predictive routing and local field phase modulation of neural activity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kirill V NourskiDepartment of Neurosurgery, kirill-nourski@uiowa.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7152-8473
Mitchell SteinschneiderDepartments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
Ariane E RhoneDepartment of Neurosurgery.
Hiroto KawasakiDepartment of Neurosurgery.ORCID 0000-0002-7688-9171
Matthew A HowardDepartment of Neurosurgery.
Matthew I BanksDepartments of Anesthesiology and Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705.ORCID 0000-0002-1936-7529
University of Iowa · USAlbert Einstein College of Medicine · USUniversity of Wisconsin System · US

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF IOWA CTSA FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024979 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI ROSENTHAL, GARY E · 2007 to 2011
$31.8M
HUMAN AUDITORY CORTEX PHYSIOLOGYR01DC004290 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI HOWARD, MATTHEW A. · 2000 to 2025
$13.7M
Thalamic and cortical mechanisms of anesthetic-induced unconsciousnessR01GM109086 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Matthew I Banks, Kirill V Nourski · 2014 to 2026
$5.7M
NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024979NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC004290NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM109086
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The systems-level mechanisms underlying loss of consciousness (LOC) under anesthesia remain unclear. General anesthetics suppress sensory responses within higher-order cortex and feedback connections, both critical elements of predictive coding hypotheses of conscious perception. Responses to auditory novelty may offer promise as biomarkers for consciousness. This study examined anesthesia-induced changes in auditory novelty responses over short (local deviant [LD]) and long (global deviant [GD]) time scales, envisioned to engage preattentive and conscious levels of processing, respectively. Electrocorticographic recordings were obtained in human neurosurgical patients (3 male, 3 female) from four hierarchical processing levels: core auditory cortex, non-core auditory cortex, auditory-related, and PFC. Stimuli were vowel patterns incorporating deviants within and across stimuli (LD and GD). Subjects were presented with stimuli while awake, and during sedation (responsive) and following LOC (unresponsive) under propofol anesthesia. LD and GD effects were assayed as the averaged evoked potential and high gamma (70-150 Hz) activity. In the awake state, LD and GD effects were present in all recorded regions, with averaged evoked potential effects more broadly distributed than high gamma activity. Under sedation, LD effects were preserved in all regions, except PFC. LOC was accompanied by loss of LD effects outside of auditory cortex. By contrast, GD effects were markedly suppressed under sedation in all regions and were absent following LOC. Thus, although the presence of GD effects is indicative of being awake, its absence is not indicative of LOC. Loss of LD effects in higher-order cortical areas may constitute an alternative biomarker of LOC.

Indexed as

Anesthesia, GeneralAcoustic StimulationAdultAnesthetics, GeneralAuditory CortexAuditory PerceptionAwarenessBrain WavesElectrocorticographyEvoked Potentials, AuditoryFemaleHumansMalePrefrontal CortexYoung AdultAnesthetics, Generalaveraged evoked potentialconsciousnesselectrocorticographyhigh gammahuman auditory cortexpropofol

Identifiers

PMID30126970
PMCPMC6158689
OpenAlexW2888088680

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.