Trial reportBMC public health2018
Factors in the HIV risk environment associated with bacterial vaginosis among HIV-negative female sex workers who inject drugs in the Mexico-United States border region.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00840658 (Epidemiologic Study on Changing HIV Risks Among FSW-IDUs on the Mexico-US Border), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Epidemiologic Study on Changing HIV Risks Among FSW-IDUs on the Mexico-US Border
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the effect of vitamin C supplementation on bacterial vaginosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Review
- Bacterial vaginosis associates with dysfunctional T cells and altered soluble immune factors in the cervicovaginal tract.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Observational
- Hallmarks of Bacterial Vaginosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Alcohol use and associated risk factors among female sex workers in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- A Syndemic Approach to Explore Factors Associated with Bacterial Vaginosis.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Bacterial Vaginosis and Sexually Transmitted Infections in an HIV-Positive Cohort.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2021Article
- Promising Drug Delivery Approaches to Treat Microbial Infections in the Vagina: A Recent Update.Polymers · 2020Review
- Evaluation of Vulvovaginitis and Hygiene Habits of Women Attended in Primary Health Care Units of the Family.International journal of women's health · 2020Article
- Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effects ofFrontiers in medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginitis among women worldwide and is associated with increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. We aimed to determine the impact of the HIV risk environment on BV among female sex workers who inject drugs (FSW-PWIDs) in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico.
methodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis utilizing baseline data from a randomized controlled trial evaluating a behavioral HIV prevention intervention. Participants underwent testing for BV using the OSOM BVBlue® Rapid Test (Genzyme Diagnostics, San Diego, CA) and completed a survey eliciting information on the HIV risk environment, sexual risk behaviors, and substance use. We applied logistic regression to identify correlates of BV in the physical, social, economic, and political HIV risk environments stratified by study site (Ciudad Juarez vs. Tijuana).
resultsIn total, 584 HIV-negative FSW-PWIDs (300 Ciudad Juarez; 284 Tijuana) were enrolled. The prevalence of BV was 39% (n = 228), which was higher in Ciudad Juarez (56.7%) compared to Tijuana (20.4%). In both cities, micro-level components of the physical HIV risk environment were associated with BV. In Ciudad Juarez, BV was associated with past experiences or threats of physical violence in response to proposed condom use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.74-7.69, p = 0.001) and lifetime residence in Ciudad Juarez (aOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.05-2.87, p = 0.031). In Tijuana, BV was associated with the number of hours spent on the street daily in the past six months looking for, using, or dealing drugs, engaging in other income generating activities, or sleeping (aOR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.001-1.097, p = 0.045).
conclusionsOur findings suggest that FSW-PWIDs' risk of BV may be shaped by the microphysical HIV risk environment. Addressing components of the physical risk environment, including interventions to reduce gender-based violence, may alleviate the burden of BV and subsequent susceptibility to HIV/STIs among FSW-PWIDs in the Mexico/US border region.
trial registrationNational Institute of Health (NIH) Clinical Trials Identifier NCT00840658 , and date of NIH trial registration February 7, 2009.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.