ArticleBiomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals2019
Longitudinal analysis of tear cathepsin S activity levels in male non-obese diabetic mice suggests its potential as an early stage biomarker of Sjögren's Syndrome.
Article in Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dynamic progression of ectopic lymphoid structure formation in lacrimal glands of a Sjögren's disease murine model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Serum and tear autoantibodies from NOD and NOR mice as potential diagnostic indicators of local and systemic inflammation in Sjögren's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The miRNA Landscape of Lacrimal Glands in a Murine Model of Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2023Article
- Cysteine Cathepsins as Therapeutic Targets in Immune Regulation and Immune Disorders.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Cathepsin S is a novel target for age-related dry eye.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Tear miRNAs Identified in a Murine Model of Sjögren's Syndrome as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Indicators of Disease Mechanism.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Phenylephrine increases tear cathepsin S secretion in healthy murine lacrimal gland acinar cells through an alternative secretory pathway.Experimental eye research · 2021Article
- Intralacrimal Sustained Delivery of Rapamycin Shows Therapeutic Effects without Systemic Toxicity in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Dacryoadenitis Characteristic of Sjögren's Syndrome.Biomacromolecules · 2021Article
- Rab27a Contributes to Cathepsin S Secretion in Lacrimal Gland Acinar Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Management of Sjögren's Syndrome: Present Issues and Future Perspectives.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Cathepsin S activation contributes to elevated CX3CL1 (fractalkine) levels in tears of a Sjögren's syndrome murine model.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Correlation of cathepsin S with coronary stenosis degree, carotid thickness, blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial function in atherosclerosis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Differential effects of specific cathepsin S inhibition in biocompartments from patients with primary Sjögren syndrome.Arthritis research & therapy · 2019Article
- Inhibition of Cathepsin S Reduces Lacrimal Gland Inflammation and Increases Tear Flow in a Mouse Model of Sjögren's Syndrome.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Berunda Polypeptides: Biheaded Rapamycin Carriers for Subcutaneous Treatment of Autoimmune Dry Eye Disease.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextCathepsin S (CTSS) activity is elevated in Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) patient tears.
objectiveTo evaluate longitudinal expression of tear and tissue CTSS activity relative to other disease indicators in Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice.
methodsCTSS activity was measured in tears and lacrimal glands (LG) from male 1-6 month (M) NOD and 1 and 6 M BALB/c mice. Lymphocytic infiltration was quantified by histopathology, while disease-related proteins (Rab3D, CTSS, collagen 1) were quantified using q-PCR and immunofluorescence.
resultsIn NOD LG, lymphocytic infiltration was noted by 2 M and established by 3 M (p < 0.01). IFN-ɣ, TNF-α, and MHC II expression were increased by 2 M (p < 0.01). Tear CTSS activity was significantly elevated at 2 M (p < 0.001) to a maximum of 10.1-fold by 6 M (p < 0.001). CTSS activity in LG lysates was significantly elevated by 2 M (p < 0.001) to a maximum of 14-fold by 3 M (p < 0.001). CTSS and Rab3D immunofluorescence were significantly increased and decreased maximally in LG acini by 3 M and 2 M, respectively. Comparable changes were not detected between 1 and 6 M BALB/c mouse LG, although Collagen 1 was decreased by 6 M in LG of both strains.
conclusionTear CTSS activity is elevated with other early disease indicators, suggesting potential as an early stage biomarker for SS.
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