Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30125244›Full record

ArticleJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2018

Low levels of muscarinic M1 receptor-positive neurons in cortical layers III and V in Brodmann areas 9 and 17 from individuals with schizophrenia.

Elizabeth Scarr, Shaun Hopper, Valentina Vos, Myoung Suk Seo, Ian Paul Everall, Timothy Douglas Aumann, Gursharan Chana, Brian Dean

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05105542 (Muscarinic M1 Receptor Availability and Cognition in Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05105542 phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Muscarinic M1 Receptor Availability and Cognition in Schizophrenia

TypeinterventionalSponsorYale UniversityRan2021 to 2023Enrolled18ConditionsSchizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, HealthyArms11C-EMO - A Novel PET Radiotracer for Muscarinic M1 Receptor, PET Scan
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Schizophrenia: from mechanism to therapy.Science China. Life sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Xanomeline-Trospium for the Treatment of Schizophrenia.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. A Novel Genotyping Method for Detection of the Muscarinic ReceptorTurkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2020
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Biased MScience signaling · 2019
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Elizabeth ScarrFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Shaun HopperFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Valentina VosFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Myoung Suk SeoFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Ian Paul EverallFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Timothy Douglas AumannFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Gursharan ChanaFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).
Brian DeanFrom the Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr, Hopper, Vos, Suk Seo, Dean); the Midbrain Dopamine Plasticity Laboratory, the Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Aumann); the Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Victoria, Australia (Dean); the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Everall); the Integrative Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Centre for Neural Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Chana); and the Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Scarr).

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResults of neuroimaging and postmortem studies suggest that people with schizophrenia may have lower levels of muscarinic M1 receptors (CHRM1) in the cortex, but not in the hippocampus or thalamus. Here, we use a novel immunohistochemical approach to better understand the likely cause of these low receptor levels.

methodsWe determined the distribution and number of CHRM1-positive (CHRM1+) neurons in the cortex, medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus and regions of the hippocampus from controls (

resultsCompared with controls, levels of CHRM1+ neurons in people with schizophrenia were lower on pyramidal cells in layer III of Brodmann areas 9 (-44%) and 17 (-45%), and in layer V in Brodmann areas 9 (-45%) and 17 (-62%). We found no significant differences in the number of CHRM1+ neurons in the medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus or in the hippocampus. LIMITATIONS: Although diagnostic cohort sizes were typical for this type of study, they were relatively small. As well, people with schizophrenia were treated with antipsychotic drugs before death.

conclusionThe loss of CHRM1+ pyramidal cells in the cortex of people with schizophrenia may underpin derangements in the cholinergic regulation of GABAergic activity in cortical layer III and in cortical/subcortical communication via pyramidal cells in layer V.

Indexed as

AdultAutopsyBrainCase-Control StudiesCell CountCerebral CortexFemaleHippocampusHumansImmunohistochemistryMaleMediodorsal Thalamic NucleusMiddle AgedNeuronsPyramidal CellsReceptor, Muscarinic M1CHRM1 protein, humanReceptor, Muscarinic M1

Identifiers

PMID30125244
PMCPMC6158028

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.